Isolation, identification and some characteristics of two lytic bacteriophages against Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium from various food sources

Abstract

Salmonellosis is an important worldwide food-borne disease. Increasing resistance to Salmonella spp. has been reported in recent years and now, the prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Salmonella spp. is a worldwide problem. This necessitates alternative approaches like phage therapy. This study aimed to isolate bacteriophages specific for Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from different sources (chicken meat, beef, and eggshells). The antibiotic resistance profiles of the bacteria were determined by phenotypic and genotypic methods. The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes was examined by PCR. Totally, 75% of the isolated Salmonella strains were resistant to tetracycline, while this was 70% for azithromycin. All of the isolates from beef were resistant to nalidixic acid. The most common ESBL genes among the isolates were blaSHV (15%) followed by blaTEM (10%) and blaCTX (5%). Two specific bacteriophages were isolated and characterized. The host range for vB_SparS-ui was Salmonella Paratyphi B, Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A, and Salmonella enterica. This was Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis for vB_StyS-sam phage. The characteristics of the isolated phages indicate that they are proper candidates to be used to control some foodstuffs contaminations and also phage therapy of infected animals.

Genomic and functional characterization of five novel Salmonella-targeting bacteriophages

“…Interestingly, UPWr_S1-5 phage genomes contain the gene imm encoding superinfection protein involved in the prevention of infection of already-infected bacteria by other phages [66]. All Jerseyvirus phages contain this gene in their genomes and remain lytic, but the mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown [51,67].…”

Limitations of Phage Therapy and Corresponding Optimization Strategies: A Review

“…The results of PT research are currently used in various fields ( Table 1 ) to control the growth and proliferation of pathogenic bacteria [ 14 ]. PT is used to treat not only human diseases caused by bacteria [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] but also animal and plant diseases of bacterial origin [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], as well as to ensure food safety [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The applications in human, animal, and plant bacterial diseases and to ensure food safety and quality have significant effects.…”

Genomic analysis of a new lytic Salmonella Typhimurium bacteriophage (vB_StyS-sam)

“…Determination of the properties of the phages used for therapy is the rst step in the selection of proper phages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to map the genome of vB_StyS-sam bacteriophage isolated against Salmonella Typhimurium that its characteristics are already determined [9].…”