Isolation Precautions for Visitors

Munoz-Price, L. Silvia; Banach, David; Bearman, Gonzalo; Gould, Jane M.; Leekha, Surbhi; Morgan, Daniel J.; Palmore, Tara N.; Rupp, Mark E.; Weber, David J.; Wiemken, Timothy

doi:10.1017/ice.2015.67

Cited by 50 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Nurses support another important component of standard precautions when they educate visitors and personnel and assess visitors for communicable diseases. In this scenario, Nurse B observed that the daughter was coughing and instructed the daughter and mother on cough etiquette and, as an extra precaution, provided guidance on a safe distance to keep from the patient . Nurse B collaborated with EVS personnel and anesthesia technicians on the need for enhanced cleaning and use of PPE to ensure that future patients undergoing procedures in this room would not be exposed to infectious agents from the patient with the MDRO.…”

Section: Key Takeaways Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guideline Implementation: Transmission‐Based Precautions

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2019

AORN Journal

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Transmission of an infectious agent requires a source of infection, a mode of transmission, and a vulnerable host. The most important interventions for preventing infection transmission are hand hygiene and use of standard precautions for all patients. Other precautions are based on how an organism is transmitted; these include contact, airborne, and droplet precautions. The cornerstone of transmission‐based precautions is appropriate use of personal protective equipment to protect personnel and patients from infection. This article discusses key takeaways from the “AORN guideline for transmission‐based precautions,” including using standard precautions; wearing personal protective equipment when exposure to blood, body fluids, or other potentially infectious materials is anticipated; and using contact precautions during care of patients known or suspected to be infected or colonized with pathogens transmitted by direct or indirect contact. Perioperative RNs should review the complete guideline for additional information and for guidance when writing and updating policies and procedures.

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Section: Key Takeaways Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients on contact precautions should be placed in a private patient room. When this is not possible, the patient should be placed at least 3 ft away from other patients . After recovery, the patient should be transported to a private patient room.…”

Section: Key Takeaways Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guideline Implementation: Transmission‐Based Precautions

Link¹

2019

AORN Journal

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“…Small studies have shown low level of adherence with all three components of contact precautions: hand hygiene, gloves and gowns [20,21]. A recent survey of hospital epidemiologists and infection control leadership revealed that while some institutions monitor adherence with hand hygiene and isolation precaution adherence among visitors, many do not have infrastructure or programs to address these challenges [2]. This survey revealed significant variation in how non-adherent visitors are addressed and the repercussions of non-adherence.…”

Section: Implementation Challengesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Adherence to contact precautions for visitors of patients infected with these organisms may be appropriate [14,15]. A recent study among hospital epidemiologists acknowledged that many facilities recommend more intensive compliance with contact precautions among visitors to patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae or C. difficile infection [2].…”

Section: Healthcare Visitors and Contact Precautionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection control precautions for visitors to healthcare facilities

Banach

Bearman

Morgan

et al. 2015

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Infection transmission in healthcare facilities is a growing concern. Visitation to healthcare facilities is very common, though the potential role of visitors in the transmission of infection is unknown. Although transmission-based precautions are generally used to prevent the spread of organisms in healthcare settings by healthcare staff, the applicability of these precautions to visitors is unclear. Decisions regarding whether to implement transmission-based precautions among visitors should take into account the organism of concern and means of transmission as well as factors pertaining to the visitor and the healthcare setting. The role of visitors as vectors for organism transmission in the healthcare setting and the potential benefits and adverse consequences of visitor adherence with transmission-based precautions are important areas for additional research. BackgroundInfection transmission in healthcare settings has become an increasingly recognized threat to patients and healthcare providers. While visitation to healthcare settings is common, the potential role of visitors in the transmission of healthcareassociated infections (HAIs) remains unclear. Despite the frequency of healthcare setting visitation and heightened awareness and understanding of HAI transmission, little attention has been offered to understanding the significance of visitors in HAI transmission. The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens with limited treatment options highlights the need to address infection prevention strategies for visitors to healthcare facilities.Literature describing situations implicating visitors in the transmission of infections is limited. Guidelines have been issued addressing the prevention of transmission of infectious agents in healthcare, primarily focusing on healthcare staff [1]. The applicability of these guidelines to visitors is uncertain. Expert guidance was recently issued to assist healthcare epidemiology programs in formulating policies and practices

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Evaluation of the Cost-effectiveness of Infection Control Strategies to Reduce Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile Infection

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Clostridioides difficile infection is the most common hospital-acquired infection in the United States, yet few studies have evaluated the cost-effectiveness of infection control initiatives targeting C difficile. OBJECTIVE To compare the cost-effectiveness of 9 C difficile single intervention strategies and 8 multiintervention bundles. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This economic evaluation was conducted in a simulated 200-bed tertiary, acute care, adult hospital. The study relied on clinical outcomes from a published agent-based simulation model of C difficile transmission. The model included 4 agent types (ie, patients, nurses, physicians, and visitors). Cost and utility estimates were derived from the literature. INTERVENTIONS Daily sporicidal cleaning, terminal sporicidal cleaning, health care worker hand hygiene, patient hand hygiene, visitor hand hygiene, health care worker contact precautions, visitor contact precautions, C difficile screening at admission, and reduced intrahospital patient transfers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cost-effectiveness was evaluated from the hospital perspective and defined by 2 measures: cost per hospital-onset C difficile infection averted and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). RESULTS In this agent-based model of a simulated 200-bed tertiary, acute care, adult hospital, 5 of 9 single intervention strategies were dominant, reducing cost, increasing QALYs, and averting hospital-onset C difficile infection compared with baseline standard hospital practices. They were daily cleaning (most cost-effective, saving $358 268 and 36.8 QALYs annually), health care worker hand hygiene, patient hand hygiene, terminal cleaning, and reducing intrahospital patient transfers.

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Isolation Precautions for Visitors

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Guideline Implementation: Transmission‐Based Precautions

Guideline Implementation: Transmission‐Based Precautions

Infection control precautions for visitors to healthcare facilities

Evaluation of the Cost-effectiveness of Infection Control Strategies to Reduce Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile Infection

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