It could have been much worse: The Minnesota measles outbreak of 2017

Leslie, Timothy F.; Delamater, Paul L.; Yang, Y. Tony

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.086

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since

differs between groups of people, combining multiple groups together to estimate a population-wide

can produce misleading notions of disease spread. For example, a high average measles vaccination rate in the United States keeps

below 1 nation-wide, but localized communities with high rates of vaccine refusal still experience serious outbreaks ( Leslie et al, 2018 ). In the current COVID-19 pandemic, disease transmission has so far been much higher in refugee and low income populations compared to non-refugee and high income populations ( Chopra and Sobel, 2020 , Lau et al, 2020 , Ruiz-Euler et al, 2020 ) and

has been documented to vary between US counties ( Sly et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Misconception 2: the Reproductive Number Is Constant Over Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

What the reproductive number R0 can and cannot tell us about COVID-19 dynamics

Shaw

Kennedy

2021

Theoretical Population Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Since

differs between groups of people, combining multiple groups together to estimate a population-wide

can produce misleading notions of disease spread. For example, a high average measles vaccination rate in the United States keeps

has been documented to vary between US counties ( Sly et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Misconception 2: the Reproductive Number Is Constant Over Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

What the reproductive number R0 can and cannot tell us about COVID-19 dynamics

Shaw

Kennedy

2021

Theoretical Population Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…11 18 By 2014, MMR vaccine uptake was down to 42% among 2-year-old Somali Minnesotan children. 17 Many of these vaccine concerns and fears were also fuelled by local antivaccine activists and the author of a currently discredited Lancet study, now retracted, which associated the MMR vaccine with the development of autism. 19 20 Likewise, during a 2011 measles outbreak in Norway, 8 of 10 cases (80%) identified were from the Somali community of Oslo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking stock of vaccine hesitancy among migrants: a scoping review protocol

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAt the 72nd World Health Assembly of May 2019, WHO member states prioritised a global action plan to promote migrant and refugee health. Five months earlier, WHO had declared vaccine hesitancy—the reluctance to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccination services—as one of the top 10 threats to global health. Although vaccination is often a requirement for immigration, repeated outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases within certain immigrant communities in some host nations suggest that vaccine hesitancy could be a factor in their susceptibility to vaccine-preventable diseases. Studies of the prevalence and determinants of vaccine hesitancy among migrants globally seem to be lacking. This scoping review will (1) identify articles on vaccine hesitancy among migrants; (2) examine the extent and nature of the extant evidence; and (3) determine the value of undertaking a full systematic review.Methods and analysisThe framework for the scoping review proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute will be used. The reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Studies published in English or French between January 1999 and December 2019 will be drawn from most or all of the following multidisciplinary databases: Africa-Wide Information, Allied and Complementary Medicine, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Literature in the Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean, Medline, Proquest Theses/Dissertations, PsycInfo and Web of Science. The search will include an extensive list of keywords to capture multiple dimensions of confidence and hesitancy vis-à-vis vaccines among migrants. Findings will be reported through summary narratives, tables, flowcharts and evidence maps.Ethics and disseminationThis review is exempted from ethical approval and will be published in a peer-reviewed open-access journal to ensure wide dissemination.

show abstract

“…High vaccination coverage is generally needed to achieve this protection at the population level [ 3 ]. Decisions not to vaccinate affect population-level vaccine coverage and can result in outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases by pushing the vaccine coverage rate below the community immunity threshold [ 4 - 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Web Application About Herd Immunity Using Personalized Avatars: Development Study

Hakim¹,

Bettinger²,

Chambers³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Herd immunity or community immunity refers to the reduced risk of infection among susceptible individuals in a population through the presence and proximity of immune individuals. Recent studies suggest that improving the understanding of community immunity may increase intentions to get vaccinated. Objective This study aims to design a web application about community immunity and optimize it based on users’ cognitive and emotional responses. Methods Our multidisciplinary team developed a web application about community immunity to communicate epidemiological evidence in a personalized way. In our application, people build their own community by creating an avatar representing themselves and 8 other avatars representing people around them, for example, their family or coworkers. The application integrates these avatars in a 2-min visualization showing how different parameters (eg, vaccine coverage, and contact within communities) influence community immunity. We predefined communication goals, created prototype visualizations, and tested four iterative versions of our visualization in a university-based human-computer interaction laboratory and community-based settings (a cafeteria, two shopping malls, and a public library). Data included psychophysiological measures (eye tracking, galvanic skin response, facial emotion recognition, and electroencephalogram) to assess participants’ cognitive and affective responses to the visualization and verbal feedback to assess their interpretations of the visualization’s content and messaging. Results Among 110 participants across all four cycles, 68 (61.8%) were women and 38 (34.5%) were men (4/110, 3.6%; not reported), with a mean age of 38 (SD 17) years. More than half (65/110, 59.0%) of participants reported having a university-level education. Iterative changes across the cycles included adding the ability for users to create their own avatars, specific signals about who was represented by the different avatars, using color and movement to indicate protection or lack of protection from infectious disease, and changes to terminology to ensure clarity for people with varying educational backgrounds. Overall, we observed 3 generalizable findings. First, visualization does indeed appear to be a promising medium for conveying what community immunity is and how it works. Second, by involving multiple users in an iterative design process, it is possible to create a short and simple visualization that clearly conveys a complex topic. Finally, evaluating users’ emotional responses during the design process, in addition to their cognitive responses, offers insights that help inform the final design of an intervention. Conclusions Visualization with personalized avatars may help people understand their individual roles in population health. Our app showed promise as a method of communicating the relationship between individual behavior and community health. The next steps will include assessing the effects of the application on risk perception, knowledge, and vaccination intentions in a randomized controlled trial. This study offers a potential road map for designing health communication materials for complex topics such as community immunity.

show abstract

It could have been much worse: The Minnesota measles outbreak of 2017

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

What the reproductive number R0 can and cannot tell us about COVID-19 dynamics

What the reproductive number R0 can and cannot tell us about COVID-19 dynamics

Taking stock of vaccine hesitancy among migrants: a scoping review protocol

A Web Application About Herd Immunity Using Personalized Avatars: Development Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About