It's not what you say, it's how many different ways you can say it: Links between divergent peer resistance skills and delinquency a year later

Wright, Andrew Jordan; Nichols, Tracy R.; Graber, Julia A.; Brooks‐Gunn, Jeanne; Botvin, Gilbert J.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.12.008

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…16 Universal preventive interventions for the related problems of substance use and unsafe sex focus on the promotion of well-being and enhancement of resilience through awareness, positive alternatives, skills, and helpseeking strategies. [17][18][19][20] Similar strategies may be well suited to reducing PDV because violence prevention benefits most youths and may be enhanced if delivered along with messages that pertain to related risk behaviors that occur in a relational context, such as sexual activity and substance use. [21][22][23] Because boys and girls both report perpetration of dating violence during this period of development, it is also appropriate to target universal intervention efforts to both sexes, taking into account developmental and gendered aspects of violence in adolescent relationships faced by youths of today.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A School-Based Program to Prevent Adolescent Dating Violence

Wolfe¹,

Crooks²,

Jaffe³

et al. 2009

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

427

360

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To determine whether an interactive curriculum that integrates dating violence prevention with lessons on healthy relationships, sexual health, and substance use reduces physical dating violence (PDV).Design: Cluster randomized trial with 2.5-year followup; prespecified subgroup analyses by sex.Setting: Grade 9 health classes.Participants: A total of 1722 students aged 14-15 from 20 public schools (52.8% girls).Intervention: A 21-lesson curriculum delivered during 28 hours by teachers with additional training in the dynamics of dating violence and healthy relationships. Dating violence prevention was integrated with core lessons about healthy relationships, sexual health, and substance use prevention using interactive exercises. Relationship skills to promote safer decision making with peers and dating partners were emphasized. Control schools targeted similar objectives without training or materials. Main Outcome Measures:The primary outcome at 2.5 years was self-reported PDV during the previous year. Secondary outcomes were physical peer violence, sub-stance use, and condom use. Analysis was by intentionto-treat. Results:The PDV was greater in control vs intervention students (9.8% vs 7.4%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-6.02; P = .05). A significant group ϫ sex interaction effect indicated that the intervention effect was greater in boys (PDV: 7.1% in controls vs 2.7% in intervention students) than in girls (12.1% vs 11.9%). Main effects for secondary outcomes were not statistically significant; however, sex ϫ group analyses showed a significant difference in condom use in sexually active boys who received the intervention (114 of 168; 67.9%) vs controls (65 of 111 [58.6%]) (PϽ.01). The cost of training and materials averaged CA$16 per student. Conclusion:The teaching of youths about healthy relationships as part of their required health curriculum reduced PDV and increased condom use 2.5 years later at a low per-student cost.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A School-Based Program to Prevent Adolescent Dating Violence

Wolfe¹,

Crooks²,

Jaffe³

et al. 2009

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

427

360

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Those who use more divergent thinking are able to replace ineffective responses or strategies with another more effective strategy. The most successful divergent thinkers will continue to use different strategies until an effective strategy or response is found (Wright et al 2004). There is considerable evidence that culture plays a role in the development of specific sets or repertoires of drug resistance strategies Marsiglia and Hecht 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

et al. 2008

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This study examined drug resistance strategies and substance use among adolescents from Monterrey, Mexico. The focus was strategies that U.S. adolescents use most often to resist using substances, including refuse (saying no), explain (declining with an explanation), avoid (staying away from situations where drugs are offered), and leave (exiting situations where drugs are offered). Using self-administered questionnaire data from a convenience sample of 327 Mexican students enrolled at two secondary schools (preparatorias), we tested whether frequent use of particular drug resistance strategies predicted actual substance use. Multiple regression results showed that different strategies were effective for different substances, that some effects were mediated by number of offers received, and that certain effects were stronger for females than for males. Students using the refuse strategy reported less cigarette use and less binge drinking; those using the avoid strategy reported less alcohol and cigarette use; and those using the leave strategy reported less binge drinking and, for females only, less marijuana use. Use of the explain strategy was not significantly related to substance use after controlling for use of other strategies. Findings are discussed in terms of Mexican cultural values and their implications for the design of prevention programs for Mexican youth. KeywordsAdolescents; Substance use; Substance use offers; Mexican youth; Drug resistance Research on substance use among Mexican youth provides growing evidence that prevalence rates, the types of substances used, social risk factors for use, and the health and social problems associated with use are assuming patterns similar to those reported by youth Correspondence to: Stephen Kulis, Kulis@asu.edu. (Medina-Mora Cravioto 2003;Villatoro et al. 2004). Of growing concern are increases in illicit drug use among Mexican youth, who until recently have consistently reported lower rates of consumption of illicit drugs than U.S. youth, and a decrease in the typical age of initiation of substance use from 15 to 8 years of age (FelixOrtiz et al. 2001; Tapia-Conyer et al. 2001;Villareal et al. 2004;Villatoro et al. 1998). NIH Public AccessDespite the upward trend in drug use among Mexican youth and expanding research on its etiology, there are large gaps in the knowledge needed to inform the design of effective prevention efforts in Mexico. One relatively neglected research area is the strategies that Mexican adolescents actually use when confronted with substance use opportunities and the relative effectiveness of these strategies for resisting use of different substances. This study investigated whether the strategies used most commonly by U.S. adolescents to resist offers of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana are used with apparent success by Mexican youth, and whether use of particular strategies depends on the gender of the youth and the frequency with which the youth encounters offers of substances. We used data from a sample of Mexican secondar...

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“…Motivation encompasses normative (dis)approval of substance use, the attitudes of peers towards substance use, and expected consequences of substance use. Together, these components facilitate divergent thinking, the ability to consider multiple strategies in a substance offer situation until an effective strategy is identified (Wright, Nichols, Graber, Brooks-Gunn, Botvin, 2004). Relying on only one strategy may be inadequate because pressure from the offeror may increase after initial resistance to the offer (Alberts, Hecht, Miller-Rassulo, & Krizek, 1992).…”

Section: Prevention Through Drug Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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It's not what you say, it's how many different ways you can say it: Links between divergent peer resistance skills and delinquency a year later

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

A School-Based Program to Prevent Adolescent Dating Violence

A School-Based Program to Prevent Adolescent Dating Violence

Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico

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