Italian pediatric data support hypothesis that simultaneous epidemics of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome/obesity are polar opposite responses (i.e., symptoms) to a primary inflammatory condition

Classen, John Barthelow

doi:10.1515/jpem.2011.023

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our interest for these diseases depends from the fact that Southern Italy shows the highest rates of type2 diabetes/obesity [40] and, also, of liver cancer for Europe, mainly related to infection with hepatitis viruses (i.e. CHC) [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinome Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Costantini¹,

Capone²,

Guerriero³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection are associated with increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cytokines are known to play an important role not only in the mechanisms of insulin resistance and glucose disposal defects but also in the pathological processes occurring in the liver during viral infection. We evaluated the serum levels of many cytokines, chemokines, adipokines and growth factors in patients with type 2 diabetes, CHC, CHC-related cirrhosis, CHC and type 2 diabetes and CHC-related cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes by BioPlex assay. The obtained data evidenced that the serum levels of some proteins are significantly up-regulated in all the patients or in those with only one disease and are often higher, even if in different amounts, when both diseases are associated. In particular, our results can be useful for the clinical monitoring of patients because they give specific information in regard to the progression from CHC to LC and CHD to LCD. Moreover, some molecules have shown significant correlations with clinical/biochemical data, suggesting the possibility to define mini-panels that can be used as specific markers for the different disease staging. However, our observations demonstrate that an integrated approach is much more powerful than isolated measurements to evaluate specific stages of these two complex pathologies (type 2 diabetes and chronic CHC hepatitis) alone or when they are concomitant in a patient. In fact it has emerged as an accurate, simple, specific, noninvasive, reproducible and less expensive method that, in future, could be included in routine clinical practice to monitor the association of type 2 diabetes and/or CHC to liver cirrhosis and, possibly, to cancer, and to improve the prognosis of these diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinome Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Costantini¹,

Capone²,

Guerriero³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…In this paper we report a simultaneous and comparative analysis of the serum levels of a large panel of cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, as well as of other cancer and diabetes biomarkers in patients with T2D, CHC, HCC and T2D-HCC by means of BioPlex assays. Our interest for these diseases depends from the fact that Southern Italy shows a high mortality trend for liver cancer in CHC patients [ 16 ] concomitantly with very high rates of T2D [ 17 ]. Recently we evaluated the cytokinome profile in patients with T2D and/or CHC infection or with CHC-related HCC suggesting some specific markers for the different stages of the diseases [ 8 – 9 , 15 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cytokinome Profile in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2015

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Understanding the dynamics of the complex interaction network of cytokines, defined as ‘‘cytokinome’’, can be useful to follow progression and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from its early stages as well as to define therapeutic strategies. Recently we have evaluated the cytokinome profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection and/or cirrhosis suggesting specific markers for the different stages of the diseases. Since T2D has been identified as one of the contributory cause of HCC, in this paper we examined the serum levels of cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, as well as of other cancer and diabetes biomarkers in a discovery cohort of patients with T2D, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and/or CHC-related HCC comparing them with a healthy control group to define a profile of proteins able to characterize these patients, and to recognize the association between diabetes and HCC. The results have evidenced that the serum levels of some proteins are significantly and differently up-regulated in all the patients but they increased still more when HCC develops on the background of T2D. Our results were verified also using a separate validation cohort. Furthermore, significant correlations between clinical and laboratory data characterizing the various stages of this complex disease, have been found. In overall, our results highlighted that a large and simple omics approach, such as that of the cytokinome analysis, supplemented by common biochemical and clinical data, can give a complete picture able to improve the prognosis of the various stages of the disease progression. We have also demonstrated by means of interactomic analysis that our experimental results correlate positively with the general metabolic picture that is emerging in the literature for this complex multifactorial disease.

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“…Cortisol is released to stop tissue destruction and autoimmune processes. Classen (31) has reported that iatrogenic infl ammation activates immunosuppressive cortisol response, which protects against type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases, but causes type 2 diabetes, MetS, and obesity. Persistently high cortisol levels cause a number of adverse reactions, as they disrupt normal physiological functions.…”

Section: Endocrine Factors and Metsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine, Lifestyle, and Genetic Factors in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome

Slanovic-Kuzmanović

Kos

Domijan

2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic, multi-component disease characterised by central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. Since MetS leads to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, development of certain cancers, and eventually to premature death, it is not surprising that it draws the attention of scientists around the world. The aetiopathology of MetS is complex and still not fully understood. This review focuses on the role of endocrine factors such as cortisol and insulin in the development of MetS. It also takes a look at some of the contributing lifestyle and genetic factors as well as at the current knowledge about its treatment. Slanovic-Kuzmanović Z, et al. ENDOCRINE, LIFESTYLE, AND GENETIC RISK FACTORS FOR METS Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2013;64:581-591 Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a modern disease characterised by the clustering of abnormalities such as central obesity, high levels of fasting glucose and triglyceride, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and hypertension (1, 2). The prevalence of MetS has been increasing over the past two decades (1), and recent studies (3-5) suggest that it has reached 25 % among the adults worldwide. Reports vary from 21.9 % in men and 16.8 % in women in north-eastern Italy, and 24.6 % in alcohol-dependent male patients in north India to 31.25 % in rural women from Bangladesh. A small study on salt intake with 92 participants in Croatia reports the prevalence of 31.5 % (6). Among obese adolescents and pubertal children, the prevalence of MetS could be around 15 %, judging by the reports of 14 % in Danish obese adolescents (7) and of 9.7 % to 41.2 % in obese pubertal children and 8.3 % to 34.2 % in obese prepubertal children in Spain (8). KEY WORDS: cardiovascular diseases, circadian rhythm, cortisol, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, insulin, MetS, type 2 diabetes

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Italian pediatric data support hypothesis that simultaneous epidemics of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome/obesity are polar opposite responses (i.e., symptoms) to a primary inflammatory condition

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Cytokinome Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Cytokinome Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

The Cytokinome Profile in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Type 2 Diabetes

Endocrine, Lifestyle, and Genetic Factors in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome

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