Italian WEEE management system and treatment of end-of-life cooling and freezing equipments for CFCs removal

Sansotera, Maurizio; Navarrini, W.; Talaeemashhadi, Sadaf; Venturini, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.03.012

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Trend of e-waste around the world [13,34,36] Ventilators, craniological device, nuclear analyzers, radiotherapy equipment, all types of dialysis equipment.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the environmental and health impacts due to electronic waste disposal in Bangladesh

Meem¹,

Ahmed²,

Hossain³

et al. 2021

GSC Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bangladesh is one of the main importer countries of e-waste in the world. Moreover, country also generates e-waste about 2.81 million metric tons per year. However, majority of e-waste is being dumped into the open soil, open land, or open water bodies resulting problem on environment (i.e., pollution) and human population (i.e., health). Therefore, present review summarizes the environmental and health impact due to disposal of e-waste. Poorly management of e-waste during the collection, processing, recycling, and land filling causing environmental impact followed by air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution, and degradation of the beach because hazardous compounds spread to the surrounding or environment. Furthermore, e-waste also creates lots of health problems. Humans can be exposed to e-waste contaminants by the inhalation, dietary intake, dust ingestion, and dermic contact. In north eastern part of Bangladesh, about 36.3% women who lives near recycling sites experienced the death of a baby. Again, about 15% child laborers die, and 83% child laborers are affected by long term health problem because of e-waste mismanagement practice. There are about 120,000 Bhangaries who may be exposed to e-waste contaminants more seriously. The result of the study would provide us important insight into the growing concern of e-waste and would help policy maker for designing policy measure to recycle e-waste in a hazard free manner.

show abstract

“…Trend of e-waste around the world [13,34,36] Ventilators, craniological device, nuclear analyzers, radiotherapy equipment, all types of dialysis equipment.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the environmental and health impacts due to electronic waste disposal in Bangladesh

Meem¹,

Ahmed²,

Hossain³

et al. 2021

GSC Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3 Even though many studies analyse the recyclability of household fridges and their treatment (see e.g. (Huisman et al, 2007;Deng et al, 2008;Sansotera et al, 2013)), little information is currently available about the EoL of CRA. In some cases, its EoL is assumed to be the same than for household appliances (BioIS, 2007).…”

Section: Scope Of the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average lifetime of CRA is around 8-10 years for CRA (BioIS,2007;DOE, 2009) compared to the average 14-15 years for household appliances (Laner and Rechberger, 2007;Deng et al, 2008;Ma et al, 2012;Sansotera et al, 2013). Appliances used in small groceries can have a much longer lifetime (DOE, 2009).…”

Section: Literature Review Of End-of-life Of Refrigerating Appliancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recycling treatments of household appliances (household fridges, freezers and air conditioners) have been discussed by several authors (Kotera et al, 1999;Huisman et al, 2007;Laner and Rechberger, 2007;Deng et al, 2008;Ruan and Xu, 2011;CEN, 2012;Sansotera et al, 2013). These studies describe the EoL of household appliances as a combination of pre-processing, followed by 5 Review performed in autumn 2013 and based on several scientific search engines (Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, IEEE Explore).…”

Section: Literature Review Of End-of-life Of Refrigerating Appliancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of end-of-life treatments of commercial refrigerating appliances: Bridging product and waste policies

Ardente

Pastor

Mathieux

et al. 2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Keywords:Waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) Energy using products (EuP) Ecodesign Recyclability a b s t r a c t This paper analyses the relationships between product design and end-of-life treatment, but also between product and waste policies, based on a relevant case study. Commercial refrigerating appliance is a suitable case study due to its recent inclusions in the scope of two important European pieces of legislation, the Waste of Electric and Electronic Equipment Directive and the Ecodesign Directive. Commercial refrigerating appliances are business to business products with several peculiarities such as: customized design, high range of dimensions, content of complex electronic components and parts difficult to treat and recycle. The method used for the analysis: formalization, through literature review and survey of recycling plants, of treatments applied to the studied waste product; investigation of problems and difficulties in the recycling plants; identification of possible product-related improvement strategies; definition of workable product design options. For the analysis of actual recycling practices, data has been gathered through interviews with four European recyclers, and by consulting manufacturers and other experts of these products. Several potential design options to improve the recyclability of these products are identified and discussed, such as the design for dismantling of some key components, the restriction of some blowing agents and the labeling of insulation foams. The article finally shows how the enforcement of these design features, in particular through mandatory product policies such as the Ecodesign Directive, could facilitate their end-of-life treatment and hence ease the compliance with the waste legislation.

show abstract

“…The inappropriate handling of WEEE is unsafe for both human health and the environment, discharging heavy metals and persistent organics [27][28][29]. Overall, 70% of reported toxic and hazardous chemicals in the environment today come from e-waste [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Waste, an Environmental Problem Exported to Developing Countries: The GOOD, the BAD and the UGLY

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic waste (e-waste) is a rapidly developing environmental problem particularly for the most developed countries. There are technological solutions for processing it, but these are costly, and the cheaper option for most developed countries has been to export most of the waste to less developed countries. There are various laws and policies for regulating the processing of e-waste at different governance scales such as the international Basel Convention, the regional Bamoko Convention, and various national laws. However, many of the regulations are not fully implemented and there is substantial financial pressure to maintain the jobs created for processing e-waste. Mexico, Brazil, Ghana Nigeria, India, and China have been selected for a more detailed study of the transboundary movements of e-waste. This includes a systematic review of existing literature, the application of the Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) framework for analysing complex problems associated with social ecological systems, and the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for evaluating the environmental impact of electronic devices from their manufacture through to their final disposal. Japan, Italy, Switzerland, and Norway have been selected for the LCA to show how e-waste is diverted to developing countries, as there is not sufficient data available for the assessment from the selected developing countries. GOOD, BAD and UGLY outcomes have been identified from this study: the GOOD is the creation of jobs and the use of e-waste as a source of raw materials; the BAD is the exacerbation of the already poor environmental conditions in developing countries; the UGLY is the negative impact on the health of workers processing e-waste due to a wide range of toxic components in this waste. There are a number of management options that are available to reduce the impact of the BAD and the UGLY, such as adopting the concept of a circular economy, urban mining, reducing loopholes and improving existing policies and regulations, as well as reducing the disparity in income between the top and bottom of the management hierarchy for e-waste disposal. The overarching message is a request for developed countries to help developing countries in the fight against e-waste, rather than exporting their environmental problems to these poorer regions.

show abstract

Italian WEEE management system and treatment of end-of-life cooling and freezing equipments for CFCs removal

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

A Review on the environmental and health impacts due to electronic waste disposal in Bangladesh

A Review on the environmental and health impacts due to electronic waste disposal in Bangladesh

Analysis of end-of-life treatments of commercial refrigerating appliances: Bridging product and waste policies

Electronic Waste, an Environmental Problem Exported to Developing Countries: The GOOD, the BAD and the UGLY

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About