Iv.--the Spatial Harmony of Touch and Sight.

Stratton, George Malcolm

doi:10.1093/mind/viii.4.492

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Stratton (Figure 3a) [54]. By exposing participants to conflicting multisensory bodily cues by means of mirrors, video technology or simple virtual reality devices [13,28,55,56], these authors experimentally manipulated MPS.…”

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tactile stimulation (stroking) was applied on the back and the visual information related to this stimulation was systematically manipulated by displaying it as either synchronously or asynchronously with the tactile sensation. Stratton [54]. Through the use of a portable mirror system, Stratton [54] was able to project an online image of his body in his anterior peripersonal space while he was wandering through the countryside around Berkeley.…”

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stratton [54]. Through the use of a portable mirror system, Stratton [54] was able to project an online image of his body in his anterior peripersonal space while he was wandering through the countryside around Berkeley. He described changes in selflocation and self-identification that progressively increased over the three days of exposure.…”

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might be further facilitated through the more extensive use of virtual reality technology [59][60][61][62] and perhaps through repeated and prolonged exposure to such artificial bodily signals as championed by G.M. Stratton [54] over a century ago.…”

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood

Blanke

Metzinger

2009

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

869

763

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Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimenting With Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood

Blanke

Metzinger

2009

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

869

763

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“…Based on these neurological observations several recent studies on bodily self-consciousness have extended self-observations made in the 19th century by Stratton (1899). Systematic studies were necessary due to the small sample sizes of clinical studies, the difficulties in generalizing these findings to normal functions, and other methodological concerns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial aspects of bodily self-consciousness

Lenggenhager

Mouthon

Blanke

2009

Consciousness and Cognition

181

187

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a b s t r a c tVisual, somatosensory, and perspectival cues normally provide congruent information about where the self is experienced. Separating those cues by virtual reality techniques, recent studies found that self-location was systematically biased to where a visual-tactile event was seen. Here we developed a novel, repeatable and implicit measure of self-location to compare and extend previous protocols. We investigated illusory self-location and associated phenomenological aspects in a lying body position that facilitates clinically observed abnormal self-location (as on out-of-body experiences). The results confirm that the self is located to where touch is seen. This leads to either predictable lowering or elevation of self-localization, and the latter was accompanied by sensations of floating, as during out-of-body experiences. Using a novel measurement we show that the unitary and localized character of the self can be experimentally separated from both the origin of the visual perspective and the location of the seen body, which is compatible with clinical data.

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Phantom limbs: pain, embodiment, and scientific advances in integrative therapies

Lenggenhager

Arnold

Giummarra

2014

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Research over the past two decades has begun to identify some of the key mechanisms underlying phantom limb pain and sensations; however, this continues to be a clinically challenging condition to manage. Treatment of phantom pain, like all chronic pain conditions, demands a holistic approach that takes into consideration peripheral, spinal, and central neuroplastic mechanisms. In this review, we focus on nonpharmacological treatments tailored to reverse the maladaptive neuroplasticity associated with phantom pain. Recent scientific advances emerging from interdisciplinary research between neuroscience, virtual reality, robotics, and prosthetics show the greatest promise for alternative embodiment and maintaining the integrity of the multifaceted representation of the body in the brain. Importantly, these advances have been found to prevent and reduce phantom limb pain. In particular, therapies that involve sensory and/or motor retraining, most naturally through the use of integrative prosthetic devices, as well as peripheral (e.g., transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) or central (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation or deep brain stimulation) stimulation techniques, have been found to both restore the neural representation of the missing limb and to reduce the intensity of phantom pain. While the evidence for the efficacy of these therapies is mounting, but well-controlled and large-scale studies are still needed. WIREs Cogn Sci 2014, 5:221-231. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1277 CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors have no financial or other relationship that might lead to a conflict of interest. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Iv.--the Spatial Harmony of Touch and Sight.

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood

Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood

Spatial aspects of bodily self-consciousness

Phantom limbs: pain, embodiment, and scientific advances in integrative therapies

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