JamCatcher: A Mobile Jammer Localization Scheme for Advanced Metering Infrastructure in Smart Grid

Zhang, Taimin; Ji, Xiaoyu; Zhuang, Zhou; Xu, Wenyuan

doi:10.3390/s19040909

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…For a better understanding of jammer localization in multi-hop wireless networks, the following survey [ 41 ] can be consulted. Moreover, there are recent jammer location techniques that are efficient even in the face of jammer mobility [ 42 ] and of multiple jammers [ 43 ].…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering-Based Energy-Efficient Self-Healing Strategy for WSNs under Jamming Attacks

López-Vilos

Valencia

Souza

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a key technology to interconnect the real and digital worlds, enabling the development of smart cities and services. The timely collection of data is essential for IoT services. In scenarios such as agriculture, industry, transportation, public safety, and health, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a fundamental role in fulfilling this task. However, WSNs are commonly deployed in sensitive and remote environments, thus facing the challenge of jamming attacks. Therefore, these networks need to have the ability to detect such attacks and adopt countermeasures to guarantee connectivity and operation. In this work, we propose a novel clustering-based self-healing strategy to overcome jamming attacks, in which we denominate fairness cooperation with power allocation (FCPA). The proposed strategy, aware of the presence of the jammer, clusters the network and designates a cluster head that acts as a sink node to collect information from its cluster. Then, the most convenient routes to overcome the jamming are identified and the transmit power is adjusted to the minimum value required to guarantee the reliability of each link. Finally, through the weighted use of the relays, the lifetime of each subnetwork is extended. To show the impact of each capability of FCPA, we compare it with multiple benchmarks that only partially possess these capabilities. In the proposal evaluation, we consider a WSN composed of 64 static nodes distributed in a square area. Meanwhile, to assess the impact of the jamming attack, we consider seven different locations of the attacker. All experiments started with each node’s battery full and stopped after one of these batteries was depleted. In these scenarios, FCPA outperforms all other strategies by more than 50% of the information transmitted, due to the efficient use of relay power, through the weighted balance of cooperative routes. On average, FCPA permits 967,961 kb of information transmitted and 63% of residual energy, as energy efficiency, from all the analyzed scenarios. Additionally, the proposed clustering-based self-healing strategy adapts to the change of jammer location, outperforming the rest of the strategies in terms of information transmitted and energy efficiency in all evaluated scenarios.

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Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering-Based Energy-Efficient Self-Healing Strategy for WSNs under Jamming Attacks

López-Vilos

Valencia

Souza

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…Estimating the jammer location could be considered a core step in implementing a countermeasure solution against the jammer attack [25]. Furthermore, implementing an accurate localization and cost-efficient algorithm is critical in vehicular networks [26].…”

Section: B Localizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Localization and Avoidance Method of Jammers in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

et al. 2022

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Jamming is a terrifying attack that could harm 802.11p-based vehicular communications by occupying the communication channels by overwhelming the network with jamming packets, especially for self-driving cars, as it is essential to send/receive messages without any interruptions to control the vehicles remotely. In wireless vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), the attacker's mission is more accessible due to the network's open nature, way of communication, and lack of security measures. Most of the existing studies have focused on jamming detection approaches. However, few of them have addressed the jammer localization challenge. Moreover, even in these limited studies, the solutions' assumptions, the proposed countermeasures, and their complexity were also missing. Therefore, this paper introduces a new approach to detecting, localizing, and avoiding jamming attacks in VANETs with high efficiency in terms of accuracy, implementation and complexity. The proposed approach uses the signal strength of the jammer for estimating only the distance between jammer and receiver, while then a less complex algorithm is proposed for localizing the jammer and then redirecting the vehicles away from the roads the attacker is using. This approach was simulated using real-life maps and specialized network environments. Additionally, the performance of the new approach was evaluated using different metrics. These evaluation metrics include (1) the estimated position of the jammer, (2) the handling of the jammer by announcing its location to normal vehicles (3) the avoidance of the jammed routes by increasing their weight, which forces the cars to reroute and evade the jamming area. The high localization accuracy, measured by the Euclidean distance, and the successful communication of the attacker's position and its avoidance have highly increased the packet delivery ratio (PDR) and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). This was noticed significantly before and after avoiding the jamming area when for example, the PDR increased from 0% to 100% before and after bypassing the jammer's routes.

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“…In this case, all of the nodes located around the jammer will switch to receive mode and process the received corrupted data. The random jammer switches to active mode and transmitting jamming signals towards the target for a certain time and then return to sleep mode [ 11 , 12 ]. Second, the advanced level that might include the barge and the spot jammers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Extended Kalman Filtering Based Techniques for 3-D UAV Jamming Localization

Aldosari

Moinuddin

Aljohani

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Wireless networks are vulnerable to jamming attacks. Jamming in wireless communication becomes a major research problem due to ease in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) launching and blocking of communication channels. Jamming is a subset of Denial of Service Attack (DoS) and an intentional interference where the malicious node disrupts the wireless communication by increasing the noise at the receiver node through transmission interference signal towards the target channel. In this work, the considered jammer is a UAV hovering around the target area to block the communication channel between two transceivers. We proposed a three-dimensional (3-D) UAV jamming localization scheme to track and detect the jammer position at each time step by employing a single boundary node observer. For this purpose, we developed two distributed Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based schemes: (1) the Distributed EKF (DEKF) scheme using the information of the received power from the jammer at a single nearby boundary node only and (2) Distance Ratio aided Distributed EKF (DEKF-DR) based scheme utilizing an edge node in addition to a single boundary node. Extensive simulations are conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed distributed algorithms for a 3-D trajectory and compared with that of the conventional Centralized EKF (EKF-Centr) based method (which is also modified for the 3-D scenario). The results show the clear supremacy of the proposed distributed algorithms with much lesser complexity in contrast to the conventional EKF-Centr technique.

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JamCatcher: A Mobile Jammer Localization Scheme for Advanced Metering Infrastructure in Smart Grid

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Clustering-Based Energy-Efficient Self-Healing Strategy for WSNs under Jamming Attacks

Clustering-Based Energy-Efficient Self-Healing Strategy for WSNs under Jamming Attacks

An Efficient Localization and Avoidance Method of Jammers in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Distributed Extended Kalman Filtering Based Techniques for 3-D UAV Jamming Localization

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