Job Involvement as a Mediating Factor Between Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Among Clinical Instructors at Nursing Technical Institutes

Abstract

Introduction Empowerment is an important motivator for clinical instructors to develop organizational citizenship behaviors. Job engagement may serve as a moderator, amplifying the impact of empowerment on organizational citizenship behavior. Objective This study examines the effect of job participation as a mediator between empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior among clinical teachers at nursing technical institutes. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on a convenience sample of 161 clinical instructors from six technical nursing institutes connected with five Egyptian Universities. For data collection, a self-administered questionnaire, including measures for assessing job engagement, empowerment, and citizenship behavior, was employed. This ran till November 2019, starting in June. Results Most clinical instructors had a high level of job involvement (82%), 72.0% had high empowerment score, and 55.3% had high citizenship behavior. Empowerment, job involvement, and citizenship scores were positively correlated. The female gender predicted empowerment positively. The workplace was also a powerful predictor of job engagement and empowerment ratings. Importantly mediated the link between empowerment and citizenship behavior was occupational engagement. Conclusions Employment participation was a crucial moderator of the link between autonomy and citizenship behavior. The nursing institutes’ administration needs to empower clinical instructors with more autonomy and participation in decision making through psychological support and fair salaries. It is proposed that an additional study be conducted to assess the efficacy of empowerment initiatives as a pathway to job engagement, resulting in higher civic behavior among clinical instructors.