John Bowlby and contemporary issues of clinical diagnosis

Barnes, Georgina L.; Woolgar, Matt; Beckwith, Helen; Duschinsky, Robbie

doi:10.33212/att.v12n1.2018.35

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…‘Attachment theory’ is based on psychological, evolutionary, and ethological principles which refers to the interactions between people (Cassidy et al, 2013). As described by the first attachment theorist, psychiatrist Bowlby (1951), an infant must develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver in order to have a normal social and emotional growth (Barnes et al, 2018). According to attachment theory, infants’ behavior associated with attachment is primarily the search for interaction with an ‘attachment figure’ under stressful circumstances (Benoit, 2004; Bretherton & Munholland, 1999; Hertsgaard et al, 1995; Spangler & Grossmann, 1993; van Ijzendoorn et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Personal Sociability and Connections Scale (PeSCS): Development and initial assessment at a primary care facility

Symvoulakis

Linardakis

Kamekis

et al. 2021

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Purpose: An individual’s lack of social connections and social isolation is often associated with feelings of loneliness which is regarded as having a negative effect on health. This paper describes the development and assessment of a 10 item ‘Personal Sociability and Connections Scale’ (PeSCS) to measure individual’s disposition and accompanying skills to seek out companionship and engage in interpersonal relations. Methods: The study was conducted at a rural primary care unit in Northern Greece. A total of 199 attenders were recruited over a 6-week period in 2020 and questionnaires completed. This informed the 10-items PeSCS that comprises Social, Behavioral, and Emotional components focusing on the expression of social comfort, willingness to share experiences, stories and concepts, and feelings of similarity at first contact. Reliability of the PeSC scale was assessed and the relationship with scale scores examined as an indicator of convergent validity. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship of PeSC scale score with the characteristics of participants. Results: Assessment of reliability of PeSC scale produced a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.809. The relationship between components and the total PeSCS scores identified significant correlations ( p < .001). At a multivariate level, male gender was the sample characteristic with a significant association with scale levels ( p < .05) and higher annual income with Social component ( p < .05). Otherwise the distribution of sociability dispositions was similar across population groups. Conclusion: The 10-item PeSC scale forms a simple and quick to complete measure whose overall reliability was rated as ‘meritorious’. The PeSC instrument may be a useful tool for assessing the causes and appropriate responses to the negative health effects of loneliness and social isolation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Personal Sociability and Connections Scale (PeSCS): Development and initial assessment at a primary care facility

Symvoulakis

Linardakis

Kamekis

et al. 2021

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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“…John Bowlby mengemukakan salah satu teori perkembangan sosial awal yang paling signifikan. Menurutnya, hubungan awal dengan pengasuh memiliki peran utama dalam perkembangan anak dan berlanjut memengaruhi hubungan sosial mereka sepanjang kehidupan (Barnes GL, 2018). Albert Bandura (Social Learning Theory) menyatakan bahwa anak-anak dapat mengembangkan keterampilan baru dan memperoleh informasi baru dengan mengamati tindakan orang lain, termasuk perilaku orang tua dan teman sebaya (Fryling MJ, 2011).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Profil Guru PAUD terhadap Penguasaan STPPA

Nugra,

Suparno

2023

J. Obs. J. Pendidik. Anak Usia Dini

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Profil Guru PAUD yang ditinjau dari Jenjang Pendidikan, Masa Kerja dan Status Kepegawaian Guru PAUD terhadap Penguasaan Standar Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak (STPPA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan simple random sampling, 42 sample. Data latar belakang jenjang pendidikan, status kepegawaian guru dan masa kerja guru dikumpulkan melalui dokumen. Data penguasaan STPPA dikumpulkan menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian didapat secara simultan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara jenjang pendidikan, status kepegawaian guru dan masa kerja guru terhadap penguasaan STPPA, tetapi secara parsial hanya jenjang pendidikan prodi paud yang memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap penguasaan STPPA. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengambilan kebijakan pendidikan yang lebih baik dan tepat sasaran. Peningkatan penguasaan STPPA di kalangan guru akan berdampak positif pada kualitas pembelajaran dan prestasi anak.

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“…He described attachment as an instinctive, evolutionary bond that plays an important role in the survival of the species. It develops in the first year of life and has an impact on the relationships of the individual [ 49 , 50 ]. Insufficient satisfaction of the need for closeness in the early stages of a child’s life (e.g.…”

Section: Early Childhood: Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the neurodevelopmental theory of depression: is there any ‘unconscious code’?

et al. 2020

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Depression is currently one of the most common psychiatric disorders and the number of patients receiving antidepressant treatment is increasing every year. Therefore, it is essential to understand the underlying mechanisms that are associated with higher prevalence of depression. The main component leading to the change in functioning, in the form of apathy, anhedonia, lack of motivation and sleep disturbances, is stress. This is the factor that in recent decades—due to the civilization speed, dynamic technological development as well as competitiveness and competition in relationships—significantly affects the psychophysical condition, which results in an increase in the prevalence of civilization diseases, including depression. To understand the mechanism of susceptibility to this disease, one should consider the significant role of the interaction between immune and nervous systems. Their joint development from the moment of conception is a matrix of later predispositions, both associated with the mobilization of the proinflammatory pathways (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) and associated with psychological coping with stress. Such an early development period is associated with epigenetic processes that are strongly marked in prenatal development up to 1 year of age and determinate the characteristic phenotype for various forms of pathology, including depression. Regarding the inflammatory hypothesis of depression, interleukin 17 (IL-17), among other proinflammatory cytokines, might play an important role in the development of depressive disorders. It is secreted by Th17 cells, crossed the placental barrier and acts on the brain structures of the fetus by increasing IL-17 receptor levels and affecting the intensity of its signaling in the brain.

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John Bowlby and contemporary issues of clinical diagnosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

The Personal Sociability and Connections Scale (PeSCS): Development and initial assessment at a primary care facility

The Personal Sociability and Connections Scale (PeSCS): Development and initial assessment at a primary care facility

Pengaruh Profil Guru PAUD terhadap Penguasaan STPPA

Update on the neurodevelopmental theory of depression: is there any ‘unconscious code’?

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