Jump transition observed in translocation time for ideal poly-Xproteinogenic chains as a result of competing folding and anchoraging contributions

Abstract

In this work we analyze the translocation of homopolymer chains poly-X, where X represents any of the 20 naturally occurring amino acid residues, in terms of size N and single-helical propensity ω. We provide an analytical framework to calculate both the free energy F of translocation and the translocation time τ as a function of chain size N, energies U and ε of the unfolded and folded states, respectively. Our results show that free energy F has a characteristic bell-shaped barrier as function of the percentage of monomers translocated. Inclusion of single-helical propensity ω associated to monomer X and chain's native energy ε in the translocation model increases the energy barrier ΔF up to one order of magnitude as compared with the well-known Gaussian chain model. Computation of the mean first-passage time as function of chain size N shows that the translocation time τ exhibits a significant jump of several orders of magnitude at a critical chain size N. This jump markedly slows down translocation of chains larger than N. Existence of the transition jump of τ has been observed experimentally at least in poly(ethylene oxide) chains [R. P. Choudhury, P. Galvosas, and M. Schönhoff, J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 13245 (2008)]JPCBFK1520-610610.1021/jp804680q. Our results suggest the transition jump of τ as a function of N may be a very well spread feature throughout translocation of poly-X chains.

Review of Models for and Socioeconomic Approaches to the Formation of Foresight Control Mechanisms: A Genesis

“…At the same time, such models did not provide solutions to many problems of applied statistics and econometrics [15]. Therefore, methods have been developed for the representation of jump processes of changes in complex biological and technical systems [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Their weak side turned out to be the unresolved problems of regulating the relationships of the evolutionary and spasmodic economic processes inherent in cyclical changes in the innovative cycles of enterprise development.…”

“…A single mechanism is distinguished by the greater efficiency of controlling processes and ensuring the consistency of the goals of the enterprise, the complex and the regional agglomeration according to the criteria of economic sustainability and the stability of their compromise. The integration of management functionalities and the combination of foresight and controlling subsystems in a single mechanism made it possible to speed up the development and decision-making processes in the organizational design system [22].…”

“…In the socio-economic part of the issue, the term "quality of management processes" should be referred to the object of study-the mechanism of foresight-controlling of the goals of enterprise development efficiency in innovation cycles and the composition of a complex socio-economic system of post-industrial agglomeration complexes. The most minimal reserves for improving the quality of control are provided by the theory of random transformations [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. More effective are neo-institutional methods [29][30][31][32], which use a set of normative instructions of society and the state for the transfer of competencies and knowledge management in models of continuous convergent education.…”