Justification of a Rational Relation of Grain Harvesters With Stripper Headers and Direct Combining Headers When Forming Stubbles Coulises in the Northern Region of Kazakhstan

Astafyev, V L; Sultanov, Ildar Ilfarovich

doi:10.52463/22274227_2021_37_56

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“…This technological operation is performed to a depth of 4-5 cm and should provide: -destruction of soil capillaries; -breaking up of the dry soil crust on the field surface; -filling of existing cracks in the soil; -retaining of 70-90% of stubble and even distribution of plant residues chopped by the harvester across the field; -creation of a dry mulching layer on the surface covering the moist lower soil layers. The effectiveness of mulching the topsoil to preserve soil moisture at the depth of sowing was shown in studies by BARAYEV [1988], MOLDENHAUER and BLACK [1994], ARTAMONOVA et al [2019], ASTAFYEV et al [2019], CHEN et al [2019, GUSEV [2020], TOIGILDIN et al [2020]. It was revealed that in the absence of mulching treatment for a period of 20-30 days from snow melting to sowing, moisture loss in a meter layer of soil was about 30%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Water and Land Development

Astafyev,

Kurach,

Amantayev

2021

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The accumulation of moisture from autumn and winter precipitation in poorly draining soil for plants in arid conditions during the initial stage of the vegetation period in the northern region of Kazakhstan was a severe production problem. Research methods included theoretical and experimental studies. In theoretical studies, the area of the treated surface by a chain harrow is determined. Then, the design of an improved harrow is proposed, including how the tooth chain tillage tools are positioned. Either as a "single action disc harrow" type with mounting four teeth on each chain link, or as a serial harrow with the tooth chain tillage tools located in a "diamond-shaped" double-action scheme with two teeth on each chain link. Experimental studies show that an improved harrow steadily performs the early spring harrowing process with a quality that meets normative requirements. In doing, so the working capacity is 4-5% higher than a serial harrow with a 4-5% lower fuel consumption. Furthermore, it is revealed that the early spring soil harrowing performed by tooth chain harrows allows the loss of productive moisture in the spring pre-sowing period by 1.8-1.9 times to be reduced compared to the untreated background.

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