Jute - Microbiological and Biochemical Research

Ahmed, Zakaria; Nizam, Syed Asif

doi:10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3651

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Pectinolytic microorganisms having xylanase activity devoid of cellulase activity is an additional beneficial aspect to improve fibre quality 8 . The quality of fibre is largely determined by the efficiency of retting process 1,2,9,10 and various factors are responsible for proper retting as well as improved fibre quality. Most promising water based microbiological retting process mostly involves bacteria along with various fungi, protozoa, algae and diatoms [10][11][12][13] .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The quality of fibre is largely determined by the efficiency of retting process 1,2,9,10 and various factors are responsible for proper retting as well as improved fibre quality. Most promising water based microbiological retting process mostly involves bacteria along with various fungi, protozoa, algae and diatoms [10][11][12][13] . Main aerobic retting bacteria belong to genus Bacillus viz., B. subtilis, B. polymyxa, B. mesentericus, B.pumilus, B. cereus, B. megaterium and B. macerans, initiate retting [14][15][16][17][18] along with large numbers of gram-negative genera such as Erwinia and Pseudomonas 9,19 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pectinolytic Bacterial Consortia Reduce Jute Retting Period and Improve Fibre Quality

Hasan

Aktar

Kabir

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton. It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolated from five jute retting water samples in Bangladesh. Higher pectinolytic bacterial isolates were predominant in the later stage of jute retting. Out of these, 168 isolates have been screened by both semi-quantitative and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and cellulase enzyme assay. Among them, 144 isolates have been selected on the basis of extra cellular enzyme activity of these three enzymes. 16 s ribosomal gene sequencing analysis identified 2 phyla-Firmicutis (80.55%) and Proteobacteria (19.45%). To check the synergistic and antagonistic effect 10 selected isolates were tested in 167 different combinations. Three best combinations were identified that lowered retting period from 18-21 days to 10 days producing high quality fibre in both laboratory and field trial. This improved retting technology can be adopted in industrial scale for the production of quality jute fibre in a controlled condition in reduced water quantity without polluting the environment.Jute, second most important natural fibre after cotton, is cultivated in East Asia and some parts of Latin America 1-3 . Jute is a bast or phloem fibre in the bark of stems, cemented together by pectin and gummy substances 4 . Commercial extraction of jute fibre is water based microbiological retting where jute bundles are submerged into slow running river water and subjected to decomposition of pectin, hemicelluloses, and other mucilaginous substances 2,5 . In this process, pectin is depolymerized by pectinases, primarily comprising four enzymes: Polygalacturonase (PG), Pectin Lyase (PNL), Pectate lyase and Pectin esterase. However, PG 6 , and PNL 7 are primary retting enzymes. In addition, xylanase makes jute fibre softer by selective removal of non-fibrous hemicelluloses without affecting strength of cellulosic fibre. Pectinolytic microorganisms having xylanase activity devoid of cellulase activity is an additional beneficial aspect to improve fibre quality 8 . The quality of fibre is largely determined by the efficiency of retting process 1,2,9,10 and various factors are responsible for proper retting as well as improved fibre quality. Most promising water based microbiological retting process mostly involves bacteria along with various fungi, protozoa, algae and diatoms 10-13 . Main aerobic retting bacteria belong to genus Bacillus viz., B. subtilis, B. polymyxa, B. mesentericus, B.pumilus, B. cereus, B. megaterium and B. macerans, initiate retting 14-18 along with large numbers of gram-negative genera such as Erwinia and Pseudomonas 9,19 . At the later stage of retting some anaerobic bacteria from genus Clostridium -Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium stercorarium, Clostridium tertium come to carry on the retting process 20 . As microorganisms are the ma...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Pectinolytic Bacterial Consortia Reduce Jute Retting Period and Improve Fibre Quality

Hasan

Aktar

Kabir

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Jute and Allied Fiber (JAF) crops belong to the bast (phloem) fiber category (fiber collected from the bark of the stem or skin of the plant) like tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.), white jute (C. capsularis L.), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and mesta (H. sabdariffa L.) in the Malvaceae family (Ahmed & Nizam 2008) and is cultivated mainly in India, Bangladesh, Nepal and some South East Asian countries (Islam et al 2013). JAF crops are the industrial field crops in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the profitability of the tossa and kenaf seed cultivation at contact growers’ level in selected areas of Bangladesh

Hossain

Kundu

2022

IJAG

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This study compared the profitability of tossa and kenaf seed cultivation based on the 2021 seed-growing season in two locations: Rangpur and Jashore using the tossa variety BJRI Tossa Pat 8 and Rangpur and Kishoreganj using the kenaf variety HC-95. Data analysis methods included descriptive statistics, break-even analysis and cost-benefit analysis. The expensive factors in growing tossa and kenaf seeds were labor costs, followed by land use, machinery, fertilizers, and seed. While the cost of labor (58.38%) and fertilizers (8.74%) were higher for tossa seed, the cost of seed (4.85%) for kenaf seed cultivation was higher as a percentage of the total cost. The highest tossa and kenaf seed yields were 722 kgha-1 and 798 kgha-1, respectively, in Jashore and Kishoreganj. Average break-even price for kenaf seed was Tk. 130 kg-1, which was less expensive than tossa seed (Tk. 181 kg-1). When compared to kenaf (341 kgha-1), average break-even quantity of tossa seed was higher (679 kgha-1). The average benefit cost ratio was found higher in the kenaf seed crop, as compared to the tossa seed crop in respect of total cost, variable cost, and cash cost. According to this finding, growing kenaf as seed crop can be profitable for farmers.

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“…Existing retting approaches confront inconsistent fiber quality, pollution, and input deficit issues, consequently driving to search for alternative retting processes. However, the proliferation of variable quality attributes from under retting and over retting leads to internal fiber rot with low strength and remains gummy substances unblemished, respectively [13,14]. More extended degumming periods (14-28 days) carry a risk of damaging cellulose and yield lower fiber mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Factors for Optimum Biodegradation of Bast Fiber’s Gums in Bacterial Retting

Hossain

Siddiquee

Subbiah

2021

Fibers

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Bast fiber plants require a post-harvest process to yield useable natural cellulosic fibers, denoted as retting or degumming. It encompasses the degradation of the cell wall’s non-cellulosic gummy substances (NCGs), facilitating fibers separations, setting the fiber’s quality, and determining downstream usages. Due to the inconvenience of traditional retting practices, bacterial inoculum and enzyme applications for retting gained attention. Therefore, concurrent changes of agroclimatic and socioeconomic conditions, the conventional water retting confront multiple difficulties, bast industries become vulnerable, and bacterial agents mediated augmented bio-retting processes trying to adapt to sustainability. However, this process’s success demands a delicate balance among substrates and retting-related biotic and abiotic factors. These critical factors were coupled to degrade bast fibers NCGs in bacterial retting while holistically disregarded in basic research. In this study, a set of factors were defined that critically regulates the process and requires to be comprehended to achieve optimum retting without failure. This review presents the bacterial strain characteristics, enzyme potentials, specific bast plant cell wall’s structure, compositions, solvents, and interactions relating to the maximum NCGs removal. Among plants, associated factors pectin is the primary biding material that determines the process’s dynamics, while its degree of esterification has a proficient effect through bacterial enzymatic degradation. The accomplished bast plant cell wall’s structure, macerating solvents pH, and temperature greatly influence the bacterial retting process. This article also highlights the remediation process of water retting pollution in a biocompatible manner concerning the bast fiber industry’s endurance.

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Jute - Microbiological and Biochemical Research

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Pectinolytic Bacterial Consortia Reduce Jute Retting Period and Improve Fibre Quality

Pectinolytic Bacterial Consortia Reduce Jute Retting Period and Improve Fibre Quality

Comparative analysis of the profitability of the tossa and kenaf seed cultivation at contact growers’ level in selected areas of Bangladesh

Critical Factors for Optimum Biodegradation of Bast Fiber’s Gums in Bacterial Retting

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