Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A benign disorder? Personality traits and psychiatric symptoms

Plattner, Belinda; Pahs, Gerald; Kindler, Jochen; Williams, R.; Hall, Rebecca E.; Mayer, Harald; Steiner, Hans; Feucht, Martha

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.03.008

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A number of recent studies have investigated juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, which is a form of generalized epilepsy [70][71][72]. A high rate of psychiatric symptoms, and of personality disorders in particular, may reflect the frontal pathology known in this epileptic syndrome.…”

Section: Personality In Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy

Marcangelo

Ovsiew

2007

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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Section: Personality In Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy

Marcangelo

Ovsiew

2007

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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“…Previous and current researches indicate that the patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME; a subform of IGE) have personality disorders that include impulsive personality traits and higher novelty‐seeking behavior (Moschetta et al ; Wandschneider et al ) that are not associated with other forms of epilepsy. Patients with JME also show less self‐control than matched healthy subjects (Plattner et al ). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging studies suggest the involvement of prefrontal cortex in these epilepsy patients, and impairments in the prefrontal cortex may also be involved in associated behavioral traits (de Araujo Filho et al ,; Koepp et al ; Piazzini et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific behavioral traits in the Brd2 mouse model of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Chachua

Goletiani

Maglakelidze

et al. 2014

Genes Brain and Behavior

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Idiopathic generalized epilepsy represents about 30–35% of all epilepsies in humans. The bromodomain BRD2 gene has been repeatedly associated with the subsyndrome of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Our previous work determined that mice haploinsufficient in Brd2 (Brd2+/−) have increased susceptibility to provoked seizures, develop spontaneous seizures and have significantly decreased GABA markers in the direct basal ganglia pathway as well as in the neocortex and superior colliculus. Here we tested male and female Brd2+/− and wild type littermate mice in a battery of behavioral tests (open field, tube dominance test, elevated plus maze, Morris water maze and Barnes maze) to identify whether Brd2 haploinsufficiency is associated with the human behavioral patterns, so-called juvenile myoclonic epilepsy personality. Brd2+/− females but not males consistently displayed decreased anxiety. Further, we found a highly significant dominance trait (aggression) in the Brd2+/− mice compared to the wild type, more pronounced in females. Brd2+/− mice of either sex did not differ from wild type mice in spatial learning and memory tests. Compared to wild type littermates, we found decreased numbers GABA neurons in the basolateral amygdala, which is consistent with the increase in aggressive behavior. Our results indicate that Brd2+/− haploinsufficient mice show no cognitive impairment but have behavioral traits similar to those found in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (recklessness, aggression). This suggests that either the BRD2 gene is directly responsible for influencing many traits of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or it controls upstream regulators of individual phenotypes.

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“…The neuropsychiatric profiles of patients with JME have been evaluated in several studies (Perini et al, 1996; Trimble, 2000; Gelisse et al, 2001; de Araujo et al, 2006; Trinka et al, 2006; de Araujo et al, 2007; Plattner et al, 2007), while very few investigations have been dedicated to describing the cognitive deficits of this syndrome. Devinsky et al administered a battery of neuropsychological tests sensitive to frontal dysfunction to 15 patients with JME and 15 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) (Devinsky et al, 1997).…”

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Frontal cognitive dysfunction in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

et al. 2007

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SUMMARYPurpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible frontal cognitive dysfunction in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and to compare the results with those of patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), as well as with controls. Methods: A total of 50 patients with JME, 40 patients with FLE, 40 patients with TLE, and 40 normal controls, all matched for age, education, and IQ, were administered tests to assess frontal functions (the Word Fluency Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [WCST]). All participants had a normal intelligence level based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and did not take medications other than antiepileptics (AEDs) or have a psychiatric history. Results: Patients with JME had severe impairment in all administered tasks, similar to that of patients with FLE; TLE patients and controls followed in order. Multiple regression analysis did not disclose any significant effect of clinical variables on the cognitive deficits. Discussion: These results clearly suggest that JME patients can show some frontal dysfunction, which may affect both epileptogenic features and cognitive processes. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A benign disorder? Personality traits and psychiatric symptoms

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy

Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy

Sex‐specific behavioral traits in the Brd2 mouse model of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Frontal cognitive dysfunction in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

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