kaphom: An R package for testing the homogeneity of intra-class kappa statistics

Albayrak, Muammer; Turhan, Kemal; Yavuz, Yasemin; Kasap, Zeliha Aydin

doi:10.1080/03610918.2018.1538457

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The homogeneity of intra-class kappa statistics (between the two groups) was investigated with the use of Likelihood score test, implemented in the R package "kaphom." 11 A sample size of 200 patients was calculated in order to achieve a power of .8, under the following assumptions: visibility of the appendix without oral contrast is about 70%, visibility with oral contrast is about 90%, required significance level alpha is .05, a two-sided test is considered, and sampled patients have been allocated into the two groups in a 1:1 ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Oral Contrast Beneficial for Visualization of the Appendix in Low-Weight Children?

et al. 2022

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Purpose: It has been shown that oral contrast does not improve the diagnostic accuracy of Computed Tomography (CT) for appendicitis in pediatric patients; however, the cohorts in these studies were not stratified by weight or body mass index. The purpose of this study is to assess the benefit of oral contrast administration for identifying the appendix in younger children in the lower weight quartile. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study comprised 100 patients (2–10 years) in lower weight quartile who had intravenous contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis, 37 of which with oral contrast, and 63 without. A pediatric radiologist and a pediatric radiology fellow independently assessed whether the appendix was visualized or not. In case of discrepancy, an additional pediatric radiologist was the “tie-breaker.” Chi-squared test was used to compare the proportion of visualized appendix between the groups (with and without oral contrast). Inter-rater reliability was determined using Cohen’s Kappa coefficient. Results: There was no significant difference in the visualization of the appendix between the group with oral contrast and without ( P = 1). The Cohen Kappa coefficients were .33 (.05, .62) and .91 (.73, 1.00) for the “no oral” and “oral” groups, respectively, yielding evidence of a difference ( P = .007). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the visualization of the appendix using CT with or without oral contrast in low-weight pediatric patients. The inter-rater reliability, however, was significantly higher in the group given oral contrast. Additional studies assessing the value of oral contrast for the sole indication of appendicitis may provide clearer results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assessed reliability of radiologists’ ability to identify the appendix using Cohen’s kappa coefficients. The homogeneity of intra-class kappa statistics (between the two groups) was investigated with the use of Likelihood score test, implemented in the R package “kaphom.” 11…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%