Karyotype Analysis in Grapevines

Abstract

-Seven species of Vitis L., V. champinii Planchon, V. cinerea (Engelm in Gray) Engelm, V. girdiana Munson, V. labrusca L., V. rotundifolia Michaux, V. rupestres Scheels and V. vinifera L. were studied with the purpose of complementing the karyomorphometric information for further comparative analyses. Based on ideograms and on chromosome measures obtained it was possible to see several differences among the species, which were enough to distinguish at least V. champinii and V. girdiana from the others as well as V. labrusca for the lowest measures and V. rotundifolia for the highest mean value of arm ratio. It seems that during the species diversification process the most crucial differences among them did not involve drastic changes in chromosome morphometry. Index terms: Vitis, ideogram, Vitaceae, mitosis, satellite segment. ANÁLISE DE CARIÓTIPOS EM VIDEIRAS RESUMO -Sete espécies de Vitisrupestres Scheels e V. vinifera L. foram estudadas com o propósito de complementar as informações cariomorfométricas para posteriores análises comparativas. Baseado nos ideogramas e nas medidas cromossômicas obtidas foi possível distinguir pelo menos V. champinii e V. girdiana das demais espécies pelas maiores medidas, bem como V. labrusca pelas menores medidas e V. rotundifolia pelo maior valor médio da razão de braços. Parece que durante o processo de diversificação das espécies as diferenças mais cruciais entre elas não envolveram mudanças drásticas na morfometria cromossômica. Termos para indexação: Vitis, ideograma, Vitaceae, mitose, segmento satélite.

Heat stress tolerance assayed in four wine-producing grapevine varieties using a cytogenetic approach

“…Nowadays, they can still be considered scarce when compared with other plant species. Most of the available cytogenetic studies performed in grapevine relied on the determination of the chromosome number in different Vitis species and V. vinifera varieties, karyotyping, physical location of ribosomal DNA loci and/or nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) positively stained with silver nitrate (Ag-NORs) or on the evaluation of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes expression in different varieties and tissues (leaves and roots) (Haas et al, 1994;Haas and Alleweldt 2000;Pinto-Maglio et al, 2010;Pierozzi 2011;Pierozzi and Moura 2016;Castro et al, 2018). Other cytogenetic studies focused the meiotic behaviour of some grapevine varieties through the evaluation of pollen viability/ fertility and germination in natural and stressful conditions (Da Silva et al, 2001;Pereira et al, 2014).…”