Kaurane and pimarane-type diterpenes from the Viguiera species inhibit vascular smooth muscle contractility

Bombo

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

Aldama arenaria and A. robusta are morphologically similar aromatic species that have seasonal development. The yield and chemical composition of essential oils from aerial and underground vegetative organs of these species were compared to verify the production of volatile metabolites in flowering and dormant phases of development and to identify if there are unique compounds for either species. The major compound in the essential oils from A. arenaria leaves was palustrol (16.22%) and for aerial stems was limonene (15.3%), whereas limonene (11.16%) and α-pinene (19.64%) were the major compounds for leaves and aerial stems from A. robusta, respectively. The major compound for the underground organs was α-pinene, in both species and phenological stages. High amounts of diterpenes were found especially for A. arenaria essential oils. Each analyzed species presented unique compounds, which can provide a characteristic chemical profile for both species helping to solve their taxonomic problems. This study characterized for the first time the yield and essential oil composition of A. arenaria and A. robusta, which have medicinal potential, and some of the compounds in their essential oils are unique to each one and may be useful in helping the correct identification of them.

Section: Monoterpenes Have Been Shown To Protect Against Herbivores Asupporting

confidence: 70%

Seasonal variation of the essential oil from two Brazilian native Aldama La Llave (Asteraceae) species

Bombo

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

“…Some of these kaurane biological effects have also been cited in recent literature [38,40,41,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. For this reason, Table 1 enumerates other biological activities described for kaurane diterpenes and related compounds reported since 1997.…”

Section: Biological Activity Referencesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Occurrence, Biological Activities and Synthesis of Kaurane Diterpenes and their Glycosides

2007

This paper presents a review on kaurane diterpenes and their glycoside derivatives, covering aspects of their occurrence, biological activities and the synthesis of these natural products and their analogues. First, it shows and classifies diterpenes, in accordance with the already established structural criteria in the literature. Then, kaurane diterpenes are presented, focusing on their chemical structures, occurrence in the plant kingdom and their main, recently described, biological activities. Moreover, the most significant works, published between 1964 and November 2006, which describe the total synthesis or structural transformations of some kaurane diterpenes, including either semisynthetic and/or microbiological methodologies, are consisely reviewed. At this point, some general considerations on glycosides are introduced, and kaurane glycosides are presented and discussed on the basis of their toxic importance and occurrence in the plant kingdom, having focused on related aspects of their biological activities and the relationships between these activities and the structural factors of their molecules. Finally, the principal methods of glycosidation by enzymatic and chemical processes are both presented, and a few papers on the synthesis of kaurane glycosides are succinctly discussed. Molecules 2007, 12 456

“…From these secondary metabolites, the kaurane-type diterpenes have been associated with several important biological properties, including antiparasitic effect [2], antispasmodic and relaxant actions on the smooth muscle [3,4], among others [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyphal Morphology and Elongation Alterations in <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> Provoked by the Diterpene Kaurenoic Acid

Rafael¹,

Arakawa²,

Ambrósio³

et al. 2013

AiM

Kaurenoic acid (KA), a kaurane-type diterpene extracted from leaves of Mikania hirsutissima, was previously reported as an inhibitor of vascular contractility mainly by blocking extracellular Ca 2+ influx. The compound is known for several other biological activities such as antiparasitic, antispasmodic and antibacterial activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of KA on Aspergillus nidulans. KA (0.3 mM) showed fungistatic activity against A. nidulans with visible hyphal elongation and morphology damage. These effects were reverted by CaCl 2 addition showing that KA interferes with intracellular Ca 2+ gradient in A. nidulans. This is the first report on the mechanism of action of KA involving calcium levels by altering the elongation of fungi hyphae.