Kava Induced Hepatotoxicity In Sacramento County

Abstract

Kava, a traditional herbal remedy, has gained popularity worldwide for its purported anxiolytic and sedative properties. However, growing data indicates a possible connection between kava use and hepatotoxicity. Several countries have imposed limitations or outright prohibitions on the sale and use of kava because of regulatory worries about its safety. This case report seeks to provide an overview of the current understanding of acute liver failure brought on by kava poisoning, including its clinical manifestation, underlying mechanisms, diagnostic markers, management, and public health implications. This case report demonstrates the need for additional investigation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying kava-induced hepatotoxicity and create uniform recommendations for its safe usage. Despite the rarity, it is imperative to have kavainduced toxicity on the differential diagnosis for a patient with acute liver failure. Kava-induced acute liver failure is a rare but serious adverse event associated with this herbal remedy. The clinical presentation of kava poisoning-induced acute liver failure varies, ranging from mild symptoms such as jaundice and fatigue to more severe manifestations, including coagulopathy. The underlying mechanisms of kava-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear, but proposed theories include the modification of CYP450 enzymes and the formation of active metabolites. Elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin levels are critical diagnostic markers for kava poisoning-induced acute liver failure. Management of kava poisoning-induced acute liver failure primarily involves discontinuing kava use and supportive care. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be necessary to improve patient outcomes.