Kawasaki Disease

Pilania, Rakesh Kumar; Singh, Surjit

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19055-2_4

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Our ndings were similar to the ndings of Cheraghali F et al [17] introducing skin rash (68.6%) and changes of the lip and oropharyngeal mucosa (60.8%) as the most common manifestations of KD, but were slightly different from Pilania R.K. et al which showed oral cavity and lips' changes as the most common manifestation (> 95%) of KD, and rash as the second (> 90%). Furthermore, our results showed that neck lymphadenopathy was the least common clinical nding which is compatible with Pilania R.K. et al) [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association of Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19 in children

Esmaeilzadeh

Mortazavi

Salehi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Kawasaki Disease (KD) is most common childhood vasculitis and cause of acquired heart disease for no apparent reason. There is some evidence indicating infectious agents as possible triggers for KD. During the COVID-19 pandemic, vasculitis has been a presentation of COVID-19 in children.ObjectiveWe performed this study to assess the association between KD and COVID-19.Methods and MaterialsWe evaluated KD hospitalized children during February to September 2020 for COVID-19 (group one) and compared their demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic findings with KD patients from the same period of time in 2019 (group two). We also compared the same data in COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative KD patients in 2020 pandemic period.Results68% of KD patients in group one were positive for COVID-19 during the pandemic period. KD Age of onset in the group one was lower than group two (4.38 years VS 5.5 years, P-value= 0.044). There was no difference in the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic features of the patients during and before the COVID-19 pandemic (p-value > 0.05). Moreover, Comparing COVID-19 positive and negative patients, the incidence of rash was higher within COVID-19 positive cases (p<0.05), and coronary artery abnormalities were more prevalent in COVID-19 negative cases (p < 0.05).ConclusionAdmission rate of KD does not have significant difference during the COVID-19 pandemic but 68% of KD admitted patient were COVID-19 positive. Age of onset for KD during the COVID-19 pandemic was lower than the same period of time in last year.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association of Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19 in children

Esmaeilzadeh

Mortazavi

Salehi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Besides, the incidence rate of KD in Northeast Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, and China is 10–30 times more than that in North America and Europe [ 5 ]. For instance, the annual incidence of KD in Japanese children is more than 300 per 100,000 [ 6 ]. During 1997–2002, the incidence rate of KD among Iranian children was 7.4 per 100,000 [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 10-year cross-sectional retrospective study on Kawasaki disease in Iranian children: incidence, clinical manifestations, complications, and treatment patterns

et al. 2021

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Background Kawasaki disease (KD) as an acute, systemic vasculitis is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children under the age of 5 years. Methods A 10-year cross-sectional retrospective study was designed to assess 190 Iranian children with KD during 2008–2018. Demographic data, clinical and laboratory manifestations from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis, clinical signs and symptoms, and subsequent treatments were evaluated to predict hospitalization stay, complications, and response to treatment. Results Children with KD had a male-to-female ratio of 1.18:1 and an average age of 36 months. There was an insignificantly more incidence of KD in cold seasons. The most frequent symptoms were fever (92.6%), oral mucus membrane changes (75.8%), bilateral bulbar conjunctival injection (73.7%), polymorphous skin rash (73.2%), peripheral extremity changes (63.7%), and cervical lymphadenopathy (60.0%). The rate of gastrointestinal, cardiac, joint, and hepatic complications was determined to be 38.4, 27.9, 6.8, and 4.2%, respectively. 89.5% of patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) plus aspirin as the first line of treatment, while, 16.3% of them needed an extra second line of treatment. Significantly low serum sodium levels and high platelet counts were detected in KD patients with cardiac complications. Cardiac complications often were more encountered in patients who did not respond to the first line of treatment. Higher platelet count, lower serum sodium amount, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level were significantly associated with a need for an additive second line of treatment. A significant relationship between hospitalization stay and hemoglobin level was found. Conclusion As most of the clinical manifestations and complications were following other reports released over the past few years, such data can be confidently used to diagnose KD in Iran. Seasonal incidence and a positive history of recent infection in a notable number of patients may provide clues to understand possible etiologies of KD. Laboratory markers can successfully contribute to health practitioners with the clinical judgment of the need for additional treatments, possible complications, and hospitalization duration.

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“…Currently, KD has emerged as a major pediatric disorder throughout the developed world (1). In developing countries, KD is currently being diagnosed and reported in both China and India (2)(3)(4). Multiple organs/systems can be involved in KD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Analysis of Anti-Cardiolipin Antibody/D Dimer/C-Reactive Protein and Coronary Artery Lesions/Multiple-Organ Damage in Children With Kawasaki Disease

Chu

Wang

2021

Front. Pediatr.

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Aim: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis with unknown etiology. In addition to cardiovascular system involvement, it can also have other multiple organs involved. This study is aimed at investigating the correlation between anti-cardiolipin antibody (ACA)/D dimer/C reactive protein (CRP) and coronary artery lesions (CAL)/multiple-organ lesions in children with KD.Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed in 284 KD/IKD patients from May 2015 to April 2016. Among them, 175 were males (61.6%), with average age of 2 years and 5 months old. Patients were divided into ACA+ group and ACA- group, elevated D dimer group (DDE) and normal D dimer group (DDN), and coronary artery injury (CAL) group and non-coronary artery injury (NCAL) group.Results: ACA was most likely tested positive in younger KD children (p < 0.05). ACA+ and hypoproteinemia were correlated with CAL, thrombocytosis, and granulocytopenia (p < 0.05–0.01). Levels of cTnI and CK in the CAL group were significantly higher than those in the NCAL group (p < 0.05). CAL was more frequently detected in younger patients and patients with prolonged fever, later IVIG treatment, and elevated CRP over 100 mg/l, but there was no statistically significant difference (all p > 0.05). In the KD with DDE group, the incidence of granulopenia, thrombocytosis, myocardial damage, cholestasis, hypoproteinemia, and aseptic urethritis was significantly higher than that in the KD with DDN group (p < 0.05–0.01). However, elevated D dimer was not associated with CAL. CRP elevation was highly correlated with D dimer, but not with CAL.Conclusion: Higher incidence of CAL and myocardial damage occurred in KD patients with positive ACA and hypoproteinemia. In the current study, ACA was only tested for positive and negative, which is a limitation to this study. To further elucidate the association, ACA titers would establish its significance in drawing a conclusion for the significance of ACA in CAL and myocardial damages. In addition, higher incidence of CAL occurred in younger patients. The higher D dimer was associated with increased multiple-organ damage (MOD). CRP was closely correlated with D dimer, but not correlated with ACA and CAL.

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Kawasaki Disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Association of Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19 in children

Association of Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19 in children

A 10-year cross-sectional retrospective study on Kawasaki disease in Iranian children: incidence, clinical manifestations, complications, and treatment patterns

Correlation Analysis of Anti-Cardiolipin Antibody/D Dimer/C-Reactive Protein and Coronary Artery Lesions/Multiple-Organ Damage in Children With Kawasaki Disease

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