Keratopigmentation to Change the Apparent Color of the Human Eye

Alió, Jorge L.; Rodrı́guez, Alejandra; Bahrawy, Mohamed El; Angelov, Alexander Krasimirov; Zein, Ghasam

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000000745

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The histopathological tolerance, immune reactivity, and local toxicity of these pigments have been discussed in the literature (8). Reducing the size of the particles through micronization is an advantage over natural pigments in terms of the chance of developing foreign body reaction (9,10,20). Another major advantage of micronized mineral pigments is the wide range of colors available (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, KTP has begun to be used for cosmetic reasons, such as elective change of the apparent color of the eye (9), and for functional disabilities, such as iris loss, atrophy, or trauma causing sensitivity to glare, photophobia, or monocular diplopia (3,5,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). For patients with disabled eyes, cosmetic reconstruction may be necessary for well-being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Keratopigmentation: Is it a miracle or an adventure?

Karslıoğlu¹

2020

Beyoglu Eye J

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This study is an analysis of the cosmetic and functional results of patients who underwent keratopigmentation (KTP). Methods: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients, 7 females (43.75%) and 9 males (56.25%) were included in the study. Intrastromal and superficial manual KTP were performed under general anesthesia. Patients with no light perception or with only light perception but total corneal opacification, prosthetic contact lens intolerance, or unwillingness to use a contact lens were studied. The main outcomes were postoperative patient's satisfaction, cosmetic results, pigment stabilization and surgical complications. A grading system (0-5 points) was used to assess patient satisfaction and the cosmetic results. Results: The mean age of the patients was 30.5±12.06 years (range: 16-53 years). Black pigment was used in 10 patients (62.5%), a brownish color in 5 patients (31.25%) and a greenish, yellow, blue, and black color pigmentation was used for 1 patient (6.25%). The mean follow-up was 29.31±15.45 months (range: 8-52 months). In 2 of 16 patients, mild to moderate pigment loss was seen 12 months after the surgery and superficial KTP was repeated. Minimal pigment loss was seen in 5 patients, but the cosmetic results were satisfactory and no secondary surgical procedure was required. Pigment leakage underneath the conjunctiva was seen in only 1 patient. Otherwise, there were no complications associated with keratopigmentation. The postoperative mean patient satisfaction score was 4.18±0.75 points (range: 3-5 points). Conclusion: KTP is a safe surgical procedure that is easy to learn and perform, does not require expensive materials, and avoids more extensive and invasive reconstructive ocular procedures. Corneal KTP may have a great impact on future ophthalmic surgical practice from both therapeutic and cosmetic perspectives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratopigmentation: Is it a miracle or an adventure?

Karslıoğlu¹

2020

Beyoglu Eye J

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“…Perforating keratoplasty with all its known limitations and risks is also only an occasionally used option. In the most severe and otherwise unmanageable cases, the last available option is one of the mutilating procedures -evisceration or enucleation of the eyeball with adaptation of the prosthesis (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have been published on the potential use of KTP for improving the cosmetic effect in patients with leucomas with an excellent result and patient satisfaction. Despite this fact, experiences with corneal tattooing are limited worldwide, which to a substantial extent is a consequence of the unavailability of commercially produced pigments (2,3,4,8). However, for patients with an unstable structure of the corneal surface, for example with active angiogenesis, recurrent erosions of the epithelium and irregularities of the corneal surface, corneal tattooing is usually unsuitable (6).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A risk is posed above all by toxic reaction to the used pigment of the stromal keratocytes, endothelium and structures of the anterior chamber, in addition to which there is a risk of keratitis to corneal ulcer, as well as progressive fading, diffusion or change of the original colour of the pigment, excessive or insufficient pigmentation. Another problem may be a different resulting colour in comparison with the other eye (2). A number of techniques exist for corneal tattooing, from simple surface colouring of the cornea via corneal pigmentation with the aid of needle pigment applicators, insertion of colouring into the corneal stroma using lamellar intrastromal cannulas, up to pigment application beneath the corneal lamella created with the aid of a femtosecond laser (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Keratopigmentation (Corneal Tattoo) - Our First Experience

Žiak¹,

Kapitánová

Halička

et al. 2018

CSO

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Introduction: Keratopigmentation or corneal tattooing represents an unique cosmetic solution for corneal leucomas and also for other pathological changes affecting cornea or iris. Procedure is based on pigment insertion into the corneal stroma. Goal is to improve the appearance of the affected eye. These days are most frequently used tattoo kits with different sterilised inks made primary for skin tattooing. As a new possibility there are also available biocompatible micronized mineral pigments. Methods: Authors will introduce four case reports of four patients with corneal leucomas, who wanted to undergo the corneal tattooing to improve the cosmetic appearance of their blind eyes. Authors decided for keratopigmentation with an use of inks intended primary for skin tattooing. Results: In all four patients was the final appearance of tattooed cornea more than satisfying. Postoperative examination didn´t detect diffusion, fading, colour changes of the pigments. No complications such as toxic or immune reaction due to the pigment were recorded. All four patients were subjectively fully satisfied with the cosmetic result of the keratopigmentation. Conclusion: Based on the first experience authors consider keratopigmentation to be a safe and relatively uncomplicated surgical method. Corneal tattooing is also quite cheap, does not require patient´s hospitalization and postoperative reconvalescence in usually short term.

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