Kernel Regression on Reflectance of Lithium Niobate in various Concentrations of Ruthenium Oxide

Abstract

Research on LiNbO 3 doped with RuO 2 has been widely developed. This study aimed to use kernel regression to measure the influence of wavelength to the percentage of reflectance of LiNbO 3 doped with RuO 2 and compare estimated results among all concentrations. A hundred candidates of bandwidth were tried to find the optimum bandwidth. For the percentage of reflectance with wavelength around 450.2 to 900.9, the results show that the optimum bandwidth is 11.56. The kernel regression performs smoothing and estimating at each data point based on the optimum bandwidth used so that the fitted data is closely following the observed data. The kernel regression model produced adjusted R-square as 0.9629, 0.9590, 0.9871, and 0.9840, respectively for LiNbO 3 doped with concentration 0, 2, 4, and 6%. For the same wavelength, the percentage of reflectance of a material made of LiNbO 3 doped with various concentration is higher than material made of LiNbO 3 only.