Key flowering genes including FT-like genes are upregulated in the vasculature of apple dwarfing rootstocks

Foster, Toshi; Watson, Amy; Hooijdonk, B.M. van; Schaffer, Robert J.

doi:10.1007/s11295-013-0675-z

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…For RNA‐seq, total RNA was isolated using a method developed for extraction of pine tree RNA (Chang et al ., ) and small RNA was extracted using the NucleoSpin miRNA kit (Macherey‐Nagel, http://www.mn-net.com/) from different apple tissue. RNA sequencing and data processing followed methods previously described (Xia et al ., ; Foster et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

AmicroRNAallele that emerged prior to apple domestication may underlie fruit size evolution

Yao

Cornille

et al. 2015

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYThe molecular genetic mechanisms underlying fruit size remain poorly understood in perennial crops, despite size being an important agronomic trait. Here we show that the expression level of a microRNA gene (miRNA172) influences fruit size in apple. A transposon insertional allele of miRNA172 showing reduced expression associates with large fruit in an apple breeding population, whereas over-expression of miRNA172 in transgenic apple significantly reduces fruit size. The transposon insertional allele was found to be co-located with a major fruit size quantitative trait locus, fixed in cultivated apples and their wild progenitor species with relatively large fruit. This finding supports the view that the selection for large size in apple fruit was initiated prior to apple domestication, likely by large mammals, before being subsequently strengthened by humans, and also helps to explain why signatures of genetic bottlenecks and selective sweeps are normally weaker in perennial crops than in annual crops.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

AmicroRNAallele that emerged prior to apple domestication may underlie fruit size evolution

Yao

Cornille

et al. 2015

The Plant Journal

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“…Similarly, several genes have been recently shown to be involved in both floral induction and growth cessation events, especially in species with terminal flowering. FT-like genes, which are known to promoting flowering, are likely to be also involved in seasonal growth and dormancy in trees (Bohlenius, 2006;Foster, Watson, van Hooijdonk, & Schaffer, 2013;Hsu et al, 2011). In some cases, these genes have also been shown to regulate branching (Srinivasan, Dardick, Callahan, & Scorza, 2012).…”

Section: The Control Of Aerial Axillary Bud Break: Apicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and Genomics of Tree Architecture

Costes¹,

Gion²

2015

Advances in Botanical Research

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“…The dwarfing effect of the rootstock may also be induced by a stem piece or interstock (intermediate stock) grafted between a scion and rootstock [19]. Apart from greatly reducing the vigour of the grafted scion, the practice has revolutionized the production of some perennial tree crops by shortening the time to flowering (juvenile phase) [22]. Apple seedlings have a long juvenile period and can take 4-8 years to flower and grafting the scion onto dwarfing rootstocks shortens this period by several years [47].…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Dwarfing Rootstocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, breeding efforts have resulted in selection of dwarf scions or dwarfing rootstock varieties in almost all of the main temperate and tropical fruit species [20]. These commercially acceptable dwarf varieties have revolutionised fruit production by allowing dense field cultivation, increasing harvest index and substantially decreasing production costs [21,22]. Building on a going body of research contributing to our understanding of plant dwarfism, the present review discusses the opportunities and challenges toward breadfruit dwarfing, with focus on issues related to strategies and prospects of natural and induced genetic variability, horticultural techniques, molecular breeding and the potential role of genomic tools for the development of dwarf phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dwarfing of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Trees: Opportunities and Challenges

Zhou

Taylor

Underhill

2014

AJEA

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Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg)] is a traditional staple crop grown for its starchy fruit throughout the tropics. It has long been recognized for its potential to alleviate hunger in the region. However, being a tree of 10 -30m, breadfruit is vulnerable to wind damage. Owing to the continuing trend of global climate change, the success of the species as a sustainable crop for delivering local food security is compromised by the likelihood of more intense tropical windstorms in the island nations. Tree height also forms a major constraint to disease management and fruit harvesting. These imperatives have driven an increasing interest in developing breadfruit varieties with short stature. While a great diversity of breadfruit cultivars with varying nutritional and agronomic characteristics exists, the genetic resource showing dwarfing traits is largely uncharacterised. Historically, there has been no intentional breeding for breadfruit cultivars. The long growth cycle, predominantly vegetative propagation and lack of genome information create challenge for crop improvement through traditional breeding. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of plant dwarfism and its application in agricultural practices and genetic improvement for dwarf phenotype, and present options and tools for breadfruit dwarfing with special reference to natural genetic variability for dwarfing rootstocks, plant growth regulators, potential of mutagenesis and its combination with the currently Review Article

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Key flowering genes including FT-like genes are upregulated in the vasculature of apple dwarfing rootstocks

Cited by 42 publications

References 76 publications

AmicroRNAallele that emerged prior to apple domestication may underlie fruit size evolution

AmicroRNAallele that emerged prior to apple domestication may underlie fruit size evolution

Genetics and Genomics of Tree Architecture

Dwarfing of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Trees: Opportunities and Challenges

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