Key roles for phosphorylation and the Coiled-coil domain in TRIM56-mediated positive regulation of TLR3-TRIF–dependent innate immunity

Liu, Benjamin M.; Li, Nan L.; Wang, Ruixue; Li, Xiaofan; Li, Z. Alex; Marion, Tony N.; Li, Kui

doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107249

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…In contrast, virus-specific T-cell responses can be detected among PWH participants after recovery from MPXV infection, indicating the involvement of T-cell responses in recovery from MPXV infection [57]. Third, generally speaking, innate immune responses, e.g., host restriction factors and cytokines/chemokines, and adaptive immune responses, e.g., T cell responses, play critical roles in sensing and restricting viral infections, including OPXVs [2,[58][59][60]. However, MPXV has the ability to suppress cognate T cell activation and evade antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, thereby blocking inflammatory cytokine production and contributing to viral dissemination [61].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Human Mpxv and Its Co-infection With Hiv Sti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus and Its Co-Infection with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, or Bacterial Superinfections: Double Whammy or a New Prime Culprit?

Liu,

Rakhmanina,

Yang

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Epidemiologic studies have established that mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreaks worldwide in 2022–2023, due to Clade IIb mpox virus (MPXV), disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. More than 35% and 40% of the mpox cases suffer from co-infection with HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus), respectively. Bacterial superinfection can also occur. Co-infection of MPXV and other infectious agents may enhance disease severity, deteriorate outcomes, elongate the recovery process, and potentially contribute to the morbidity and mortality of the ensuing diseases. However, the interplays between MPXV and HIV, bacteria, other STI pathogens and host cells are poorly studied. There are many open questions regarding the impact of co-infections with HIV, STIs, or bacterial superinfections on the diagnosis and treatment of MPXV infections, including clinical and laboratory-confirmed mpox diagnosis, suboptimal treatment effectiveness, and induction of antiviral drug resistance. In this review article, we will discuss the progress and knowledge gaps in MPXV biology, antiviral therapy, pathogenesis of human MPXV and its co-infection with HIV, STIs, or bacterial superinfections, and the impact of the co-infections on the diagnosis and treatment of mpox disease. This review not only sheds light on the MPXV infection and co-infection of other etiologies but also calls for more research on MPXV life cycles and the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of co-infection of MPXV and other infectious agents, as well as research and development of a novel multiplex molecular testing panel for the detection of MPXV and other STI co-infections.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Human Mpxv and Its Co-infection With Hiv Sti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus and Its Co-Infection with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, or Bacterial Superinfections: Double Whammy or a New Prime Culprit?

Liu,

Rakhmanina,

Yang

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Epidemiological and clinical overview of the 2024 Oropouche virus disease outbreaks, an emerging/re‐emerging neurotropic arboviral disease and global public health threat

Liu

2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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To the Editor, In the context of rapid spread of Oropouche virus (OROV), an emerging/re-emerging neutronic arbovirus, from Central/South America to the Caribbean in 2024, 1 this communication represents an alarming message to enhance the awareness of this global public health threat and highlight the importance of heightened vigilance for diagnosis, management, and prevention/control of this disease. | OROV VIROLOGYOROV belongs to the Simbu serogroup of the genus Orthobunyavirus in the family Peribunyaviridae in the order Bunyavirales, which includes California encephalitis virus, La Crosse virus, Rift Valley fever virus, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus. 2 OROV virions comprise three negative-sense singlestranded RNA segments (S [small], M [medium], and L [large]) encapsulated in a ribonucleocapsid, which is wrapped by a lipid envelope. 2 Birds and wild mammals, such as sloths, nonhuman primates, and rodents, are believed to be OROV's natural hosts.OROV are transmitted to humans after being bitten by midges (Culicoides paraensis) or mosquitoes (Culex quinquefasciatus). | EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OROV DISEASEOROV was first identified in 1955 in a forest worker with abrupt fever in a village called Vega de Oropouche near the Oropouche River in Trinidad and Tobago (Figure 1). 9 For the past almost seven decades, OROV has been endemic to the Amazon basin and circulates in Central and South American countries, for example,

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Genetic Conservation and Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Envelope Gene Across Variants of Concern

Liu,

Yao,

Cruz‐Cosme

et al. 2025

Journal of Medical Virology

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SARS‐CoV‐2 Envelope (E) protein is critical in viral assembly, release, and virulence. E gene was considered highly conserved and evolving slowly. Pan‐sarbecoviruses–conserved regions in the E gene have been used as targets for various RT‐PCR assays to detect SARS‐CoV‐2. It remains elusive whether SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOCs) have accumulated significant E mutations that may affect protein stability and diagnostic RT‐PCR assays. Herein we aimed to perform a comprehensive genetic analysis on the conservation and diversity of the E gene of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its VOCs in comparison with other human coronaviruses (HCoVs). In silico analysis of 20 326 HCoV E gene sequences retrieved from GenBank and GISAID suggests that SARS‐CoV‐2 E gene has multiple pan‐HCoVs– and pan‐SARS‐CoV‐2–conserved positions but accumulates significant mutations in VOC B.1.351 and Omicron strains. Mutations were often found in the 5′ and 3′ variable regions, whereas the central region is conserved. Nucleotide changes C109U and A114G may lead to potential failure of first‐line SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic/screening assays. Nucleotide change C212U and its concomitant amino acid substitution Pro71Leu (i.e., C212U/Pro71Leu) is a hallmark mutation of B.1.351 variants, while C26U/Thr9Ile is characteristic of all Omicron variants. Later Omicron subvariants, such as XBB.1.5 and EG.5, additionally acquired the A31G/Thr11Ala mutation, as was confirmed by whole genome sequencing of SARS‐CoV‐2 in 118 pediatric cases. Wild‐type E protein exhibits cytotoxicity to cells, but the mutations Thr9Ile, Thr11Ala, Thr9Ile + Thr11Ala, or Pro71Leu reduces its cytotoxicity. The Thr9Ile + Thr11Ala mutation stabilizes the E proteins of Omicron variants, while Pro71Leu alters the cellular distribution of the E protein, reducing its colocalization with the Golgi body. Altogether, this study not only sheds light on the conservation and diversity of the E gene in SARS‐CoV‐2 and its VOCs but also informs the improvement and development of SARS‐CoV‐2 or pan‐HCoVs screening and diagnostic assays.

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Key roles for phosphorylation and the Coiled-coil domain in TRIM56-mediated positive regulation of TLR3-TRIF–dependent innate immunity

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus and Its Co-Infection with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, or Bacterial Superinfections: Double Whammy or a New Prime Culprit?

Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus and Its Co-Infection with HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, or Bacterial Superinfections: Double Whammy or a New Prime Culprit?

Epidemiological and clinical overview of the 2024 Oropouche virus disease outbreaks, an emerging/re‐emerging neurotropic arboviral disease and global public health threat

Genetic Conservation and Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Envelope Gene Across Variants of Concern

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