Key to Life: Physiological Role and Clinical Implications of Progesterone

Nagy, Bernadett; Szekeres-Barthó, Júlia; Kovaćs, Gábor L.; Sulyok, E.; Farkas, Bálint; Várnagy, Ákos; Vértes, Viola; Kovács, Kálmán; Bódis, József

doi:10.3390/ijms222011039

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 82 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It has similarly been stated that reduced serum testosterone concentrations are linked with elevation of the occurrence of CVD in men 33 . Progesterone acts as a chief part in CV and central nervous systems and influences mammary gland growth 34 . Little linked and total jeopardies of evolving CVD is allied for most females who are using by combination estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives [35][36] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Adipokines and some Steroid Hormones in Myocardial Infarction

Yousif

Ismail

2023

Baghdad Sci.J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most common cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with ischemic heart disease being the most notable type. There is a propensity to raise the sensitivity of methods in contemporary laboratory for diagnosing of CVD, and assessing key as CVD bio-indicators. The urgent task is to seek for different indicators as a hopeful tool for early detection and monitoring of myocardial infarction in blood samples only. This study comprised 117 Volunteers, recorded with both genders in the age range of 32-64 years old. The volunteers were categorized into two groups: 67patients of myocardial infarction, other group embraced 50 healthy individuals. The samples of blood were collected and directed for biochemical analysis to evaluate estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, adiponectin, leptin, and lipid profile [total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)] levels in each group. The following conclusion can be drawn from this study based on statistical assessment of bio-indicator parameters, significantly reduced of testosterone and HDL (P <0.001) levels in myocardial infarction, within non-significantly elevated P <0.061 of progesterone levels in myocardial infarction patients as compared with healthy individuals. The remaining biochemical tests indicated significantly elevated levels in patients with myocardial infarction such as estradiol (P <0.001), adiponectin (P <0.001), leptin (P <0.001), total cholesterol (P <0.001), triglycerides (P <0.001) and LDL (P <0.001) levels. Adipokines (adiponectin, leptin) and some steroid hormones (estradiol, testosterone) show crucial roles in the improvement of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may be utilized as bio-pointer for myocardial infarction exposure, medical conduct and severity. This acknowledgment offers early diagnosis of disease and progression.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Adipokines and some Steroid Hormones in Myocardial Infarction

Yousif

Ismail

2023

Baghdad Sci.J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It blocks the proliferation of estrogen to increase uterus receptivity, triggers genes for endometrium permanence for the attaching embryo, and downregulates trophoblast invasion by stabilizing the activity of MMPs 57 . The progesterone‐induced blocking factor mediates progesterone's immunomodulatory effect and increases the production of Th2 cytokines along with declining natural killer cell degranulation 58 . Healthy pregnant women have significantly higher progesterone‐induced blocking factor than women with preterm labor or abortion risk.…”

Section: Role Of Progesteronementioning

confidence: 99%

“…57 The progesterone-induced blocking factor mediates progesterone's immunomodulatory effect and increases the production of Th2 cytokines along with declining natural killer cell degranulation. 58 Healthy pregnant women have significantly higher progesteroneinduced blocking factor than women with preterm labor or abortion risk.…”

Section: Role Of Prog E S Teronementioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine see‐saw across pregnancy, its related complexities and consequences

Meyyazhagan

Bhotla

Pappuswamy

et al. 2022

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pregnancy can be compared to an organ transplant in immunology and the immune system. The fetus is "semiallogeneic" because of the presence of antigens originating from both mother and father.Throughout pregnancy, the fetus in the uterus can set off an immune response, yet the mother's immune system does not reject it. In layman's terms, the immune system of a pregnant woman is responsible for protecting the fetus from pathogens. It should tolerate the semiallogeneic fetus despite the presence of paternal alloantigens. 1 This shift in the immunologic response is partly related to change in hormonal levels of estradiol, progesterone, prostaglandins, and proteins like leukemic inhibitory factor. 2 Preimplantation factor is another novel linear peptide comprising 15 amino acids secreted by the four-cell stage embryo with an essential role in creating a proinflammatory environment. 3 The cytokines are the soluble signaling proteins released by cells to regulate cellular functions non-enzymatically throughout pregnancy. 4 Additionally, they are destroyed by immune cells to hinder their function and differentiation. 5 Cytokines form a bridge

show abstract

“…Progesterone is a critical physiological component in women that also mediates Tryp catabolism and the production of essential compounds from the oxidation pathway [ 82 ]. In particular, animal research showed that progesterone facilitates the reduction of L-kynurenine-induced cortical spreading depression by increasing brain levels of KYNA [ 80 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Pais

Martins

Gonçalves

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tryptophan (Tryp) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of several neuroactive compounds within the central nervous system (CNS). Tryp metabolism, the common denominator linking serotonin (5-HT) dysfunctions and neuroinflammation, is involved in several neuropsychiatric conditions, including neurological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric diseases. Interestingly, most of those conditions occur and progress in a sex-specific manner. Here, we explore the most relevant observations about the influence of biological sex on Tryp metabolism and its possible relation to neuropsychiatric diseases. Consistent evidence suggests that women have a higher susceptibility than men to suffer serotoninergic alterations due to changes in the levels of its precursor Tryp. Indeed, female sex bias in neuropsychiatric diseases is involved in a reduced availability of this amino acid pool and 5-HT synthesis. These changes in Tryp metabolism could lead to sexual dimorphism on the prevalence and severity of some neuropsychiatric disorders. This review identifies gaps in the current state of the art, thus suggesting future research directions. Specifically, there is a need for further research on the impact of diet and sex steroids, both involved in this molecular mechanism as they have been poorly addressed for this topic.

show abstract

Key to Life: Physiological Role and Clinical Implications of Progesterone

Cited by 54 publications

References 82 publications

Analysis of Adipokines and some Steroid Hormones in Myocardial Infarction

Analysis of Adipokines and some Steroid Hormones in Myocardial Infarction

Cytokine see‐saw across pregnancy, its related complexities and consequences

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About