Keyless Signature Blockchain Infrastructure: Facilitating NERC CIP Compliance and Responding to Evolving Cyber Threats and Vulnerabilities to Energy Infrastructure

Mylrea, Michael; Gourisetti, Sri Nikhil Gupta; Bishop, Randy; Johnson, Michelle L.

doi:10.1109/tdc.2018.8440380

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Information stored in a Blockchain can never be deleted and serves as a verifiable and accurate ledger of every transaction made within the system [73,74]. The benefit of using Blockchain algorithms in the IoE networks [75][76][77][78][79][80] is twofold. It can not only provide data security and privacy but also can be used for the mobile edge devices verification and identification [81,82].…”

Section: Distributed Ledger Technology (Dlt) and Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-PUF Enabled Blockchain: Concurrent Data and Device Security for Internet-of-Energy

Asif

Ghanem

Irvine

2020

Sensors

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A detailed review on the technological aspects of Blockchain and Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) is presented in this article. It stipulates an emerging concept of Blockchain that integrates hardware security primitives via PUFs to solve bandwidth, integration, scalability, latency, and energy requirements for the Internet-of-Energy (IoE) systems. This hybrid approach, hereinafter termed as PUFChain, provides device and data provenance which records data origins, history of data generation and processing, and clone-proof device identification and authentication, thus possible to track the sources and reasons of any cyber attack. In addition to this, we review the key areas of design, development, and implementation, which will give us the insight on seamless integration with legacy IoE systems, reliability, cyber resilience, and future research challenges.

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Section: Distributed Ledger Technology (Dlt) and Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-PUF Enabled Blockchain: Concurrent Data and Device Security for Internet-of-Energy

Asif

Ghanem

Irvine

2020

Sensors

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“…KSIBC combines two security technologies; Blockchain (BC) and keyless signature infrastructure (KSI). KSI is a globally distributed system for providing time-stamping and server-supported digital signature services and is an alternative to the traditional public key infrastructure (PKI) (Mylrea et al, 2018). The technology uses keys for authentication.…”

Section: Proposed Security Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signatures are therefore implemented as multiple signatures (Buldas, 2013). BC is a distributed public record of public events which appends records of events where each event is cryptographically linked to the previous (Mylrea et al, 2018). New entries are created using a distributed consensus.…”

Section: Proposed Security Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the use of BC on the radio access network has recently been processed (Ling et al, 2019), the authors use the concept of Proof of Work, which can introduce latency on the network, affecting application performance. We propose to use KSIBC to mitigate this limitation (Mylrea et al, 2018). PUF technology can also be used for providing fingerprints of some of the small mobile network devices such as small cell base stations with limited power and processing capabilities.…”

Section: Securing the Access Network Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infrastructure providers may also use SDN techniques to quarantine disturbing traffic before it compromises traffic on the mHealth network slice. Furthermore, as in the case on the access network domain, we propose using KSIBC (Mylrea et al, 2018) for authenticating network devices as well as protecting the integrity and confidentiality of information. We propose adoption of X-tee for our proposed security architecture.…”

Section: Core and External Network Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security architecture for a 5G mHealth system

Malila

Mutsvangwa

2019

GHI

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Global health challenges and the proliferation of mobile technologies have been key in the adoption of mHealth for provision of low-cost and equitable healthcare. Evolution of mobile networks to 5G is expected to revolutionise healthcare service delivery due to the stringent performance requirements imposed on 5G. However, because of the open nature of 5G systems, securing patient health information has been identified as a significant barrier to the full adoption of mHealth. In this paper, we propose a security architecture for an mHealth system based on a review of standard principles and guidelines for designing 5G security systems. We present a structured approach for developing and implementing an end-to-end 5G mHealth security system. We propose a security architecture that can be realised using keyless signature infrastructure Blockchain and X-tee technology to secure the communication system including hospital and third-party health data networks, physical layer security for securing the wireless interface in access networks, physical unclonable functions, and a trusted execution environment for securing end-user devices. We propose the adoption of network slicing for isolating health systems from other 5G industry verticals. We define system domains that are used to identify security threats and propose mechanisms to mitigate these threats.

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Fundamental theory on multiple energy resources and related case studies

Jin

2023

Sci Rep

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Herein, I methodically optimize a distributed energy resource in terms of the production, management, utilization, and/or transaction of renewable energies during the deployment process. I deliver a theoretical mathematical model that allows users to visualize three critical output functions of their energy preference, including output power, energy economy, and carbon footprint. The model delivers three eigenstates derived by a power utility matrix (PUM) model. PUM transforms three-input parameters (3i) into three-output functions (3o) through 3i3o-transformation. It is ubiquitous, and its systematic characterization is discussed. Moreover, I discover a mathematical conversion relationship translating energy generation to carbon emissions. Various case-studies demonstrate the optimal energy resource utilization. Furthermore, an energy blockchain approach is employed for microgrid design, development, and carbon reduction. Finally, the authors demonstrate the energy–matter conversion relationship that improves carbon emissions for energy production, reducing the beta factor of carbon emissions to 0.22 kg/kilowatt hour for carbon peak and to zero for carbon neutrality.

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Keyless Signature Blockchain Infrastructure: Facilitating NERC CIP Compliance and Responding to Evolving Cyber Threats and Vulnerabilities to Energy Infrastructure

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Proof-of-PUF Enabled Blockchain: Concurrent Data and Device Security for Internet-of-Energy

Proof-of-PUF Enabled Blockchain: Concurrent Data and Device Security for Internet-of-Energy

Security architecture for a 5G mHealth system

Fundamental theory on multiple energy resources and related case studies

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