Kicking modality during erratic-dynamic and static condition effects the muscular co-activation of attacker

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of different kicking modality, i.e., erratic-dynamic target (EDT) versus static target (ST) on the performance of the roundhouse kick in two groups of taekwondo athletes of different skill level. Three-dimensional analysis and surface electromyography (SEMG) analysis were performed on 12 (Group A: six sub-elite, Group B: six elite) athletes to investigate muscle co-activation pattern under two conditions, i.e., EDT versus ST. In the results, the muscle recruitment ratio of the agonistic muscles was higher for Group A, whereas Group B had higher recruitment ratio for antagonist muscles. Overall, the co-activation index (CI) of hip joints appeared higher in the extensors for Group A, whereas higher CI was observed in flexor muscles for Group B with comparatively higher CI during EDT condition than ST condition. Higher value of CI was observed in flexor muscles of the knee joints among Group A during EDT conditions, in contrast, higher CI in the extensor muscles was observed among Group B during ST conditions. In conclusion, the study confirmed that erratic-dynamic movements of target could change the movement coordination pattern to maintain the joint stability of participants.

Biomechanical Analysis of Mawashi-Geri in Technique in Karate: Review Article

“…In addition, it is also consisted of skills and physical arts that is an active and dynamic (3) that involves multiple muscles. The activity of these muscles is associated with flexion, extension and rotation of various joints (4,5). Foot techniques in Karate include Mae-Geri, Mawashi-Geri, Ora Mawashi-Geriand Yoko-Geri.…”

“…It is recommended that the foot rotation can be performed after the implementation of the technique in order to prevent the opponent from attacking with coordination and control (11). Due to the fact that proper use of muscles plays an important role in the performance of Mawashi-Geri technique in Karate (4), the stabilizing muscles are of importance during knee extension, especially the medial muscle of the quadriceps (rectus femoris muscle) (5,12). Studies by Lotfian et al suggested that EMG activity was significantly higher in the tensor fasciae latae, sartorius and hamstring muscles in Mawashi-Geri technique (13).…”

“…The researcher believes that performing exercise performance should be the standard for determining the success of the training program. For speed sports, which in fact is the speed of performance, it is recommended to use the same exercises as the sports themselves (5,23). Most of the training theories to strengthen and prepare the muscles, with certain methods that are similar to the actual exercise technique of the person (17,29).…”

Sport-Specific Habitual Adaptations in Neck Kinesthetic Functions Are Related to Balance Controlling Mechanisms

“…Taekwondo fighters require sufficient postural stability to better maintain tactical superiority over an opponent [1]. Up-to-date research is focused towards investigating postural balance during bipedal and unipedal stances while facing forward [2].…”