Kidney damage due to the use of anabolic androgenic steroids and practice of bodybuilding

García, Enoc Merino; Utiel, Francisco José Borrego; Arcos, M.Ángeles Martínez; Hinojosa, Josefa Borrego; Barrio, M

doi:10.1016/j.nefroe.2017.03.009

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The general processing flow of data mining is clear goals, data preparation, model building, evaluation and interpretation of output results, and implementation of 5 stages. The processing flow is shown in Figure 3 [ 12 ].…”

Section: Data Mining Technology and Fitness And Bodybuilding Exercise...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention Methods of Fitness and Bodybuilding Exercise Injury Based on Data Mining

Jun

2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fitness and bodybuilding are becoming the trend of the development of sports projects today, not only to bring health to the exercisers, but also to keep the body in good condition. However, due to the wrong attitudes and methods of exercisers, they often have negative effects on exercisers, such as sprains, strains, and tendon strains. This article is based on data mining technology to realize the research of exercise injury prevention methods, so firstly, it introduces the steps and applications of data mining technology and highlights the cluster analysis method in data mining technology. Then it discusses the injury factors of fitness and bodybuilding and outlines the best measures to prevent exercise injury. At the same time, the C4.5 algorithm was introduced to realize the processing of the data set, and the effectiveness of preventive measures was proved by investigating the damage of fitness and bodybuilding exercises in 15 clubs in a certain city. The results of the study show that the number of people who exercise more than 3 times a week accounts for 65.6% of the total number of people, which shows that exercisers in a city’s fitness club exercise more frequently each week.

show abstract

Section: Data Mining Technology and Fitness And Bodybuilding Exercise...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention Methods of Fitness and Bodybuilding Exercise Injury Based on Data Mining

Jun

2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This can cause genotoxicity and the formation of adenomas (22)(23)(24)(25). The misuse of AASs can cause kidney toxicity and increased kidney cancer formation risk (12,26,27). Chronic AAS usage can promote apoptosis via oxidative stress in kidney tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that administration of stanozolol can cause renal failure in some cases. Stanozolol is a C17α-alkylated derivative of testosterone and is used as an AAS (3,4,(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pten and Pi3k/Akt Expressions in Stanozolol-Treated Rat Kidneys

Kotil¹,

Sevim²,

Kara³

2022

jmed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Stanozolol is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) that is widely used by teenagers and athletes in bodybuilding, sports, and athletics. The potential effects of stanozolol in kidney functions have not been defined. In this study we investigated the expression of tumor suppressor protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) and mRNA levels of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3 kinase (Pi3k) and the protein kinase B (Akt1) signaling pathway in rat kidneys treated by stanozolol. Material and Method: Rats were randomized to 5 groups as control, solvent control, steroid (stanozolol), solvent-exercise, and steroid-exercise. Subcutaneous injection of stanozolol (5 mg/kg) was applied for 28 days and swimming exercise was performed 20 min/day, 5 days/week in exercise groups. Expression of PTEN was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Also, Pten, Pi3k, and Akt1 mRNA expressions were analyzed via RT-PCR.

show abstract

“…The chronic use of AAS combined with a high-protein diet can generate severe renal damage such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), nephroangiosclerosis, chronic interstitial nephritis, and acute interstitial nephritis. In a recent case report, Garcia et al described acute kidney failure in a bodybuilder who had taken intramuscular anabolic-androgenic steroids (testosterone and stanozolol) (Merino Garcıá et al, 2018). Another study reported that FSGS had been frequently detected in AAS users, suggesting two mechanisms of action: direct glomerular toxicity and glomerular hyperfiltration related to the increased body mass of abusers (Herlitz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Injury in Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Users: An Experimental Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

miRNAs are a family of 20-22 non-coding nucleotides that control gene expression by inhibiting the translation of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Two models have been proposed to elucidate the mechanism of action: they act either hindering mRNA translation or enhancing mRNA degradation. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AASs) represent a class of drugs used to treat several diseases. In the last few years, AASs have frequently been used for aesthetic purposes, indeed, they form part of the larger group called image-and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs). Long-term AAS use can lead to serious health consequences. In this regard, the present study aimed to analyze the role of several microRNAs (miRNAs) in renal damage after AAS use, to better understand the underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, two miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-205) were tested in two groups: AAS group (seven males, mean age 33.28 ± 4.68 years; mean body mass index (BMI) 27.04 ± 1.07), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) group (seven males, mean age 66.2 ± 5.4 years; mean BMI 24.75 ± 1.35). Finally, the same miRNAs were tested in the "Control" group (seven males, mean age 44.85 ± 5.75 years; mean BMI 26.5 ± 1.88). Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used to determine the normality of data distribution. All variables were normally distributed. Student's t-test was used for comparisons between two groups. Analyzing the results of the present study, the two tested miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-205) were significantly higher in the CKD group compared to the AAS group, with mir-21 being much more expressed than miR-205. This study represents a pilot study to define if these expression patterns could be studied in other biological samples (plasma, urine) in subjects with different kidney injury linked to chronic kidney diseases and AAS use, to identify reliable biomarkers that could be applied in clinical and forensic diagnostics, as well as a target for toxicological investigations or therapeutic treatments.

show abstract

Kidney damage due to the use of anabolic androgenic steroids and practice of bodybuilding

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Prevention Methods of Fitness and Bodybuilding Exercise Injury Based on Data Mining

Prevention Methods of Fitness and Bodybuilding Exercise Injury Based on Data Mining

Evaluation of Pten and Pi3k/Akt Expressions in Stanozolol-Treated Rat Kidneys

miRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Injury in Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Users: An Experimental Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About