Kidney regeneration in fish

Abstract

Age-related diseases, such as kidney diseases, are becoming more prevalent in aging societies. Currently, patients with reduced kidney function require dialysis or organ transplants. Those who suffer from kidney disease would benefit from regenerative therapies. Thus, one of the ultimate goals of regeneration research is to enhance an individual's capacity of self-repairing damaged tissue; something that fish models can contribute towards. Kidney structures are conserved among vertebrates highlighting the opportunities for fish to act as human disease models. Here, different species can offer respective advantages. An understanding of the different modes of regeneration can help to visualize the differences in mammalian and fish regenerative capacity. The remarkable regenerative capacity of fish is well known, but kidney regeneration is an understudied area. The kinetics of kidney regeneration allows one to investigate early damage responses, as well as the initiation and completion of repair. Age-related reductions in regeneration are an additional societal problem; again an area where fish models can be of help. Age-matched experiments between varied vertebrate species will help us to learn from those that do or do not exhibit age-related phenotypes. The goal of such experiments is not only to outline important age-related factors and pathways, but, in addition, to see if age-related decreases in regenerative capacity can be reduced. Widening our knowledge of this very complex process will help to address many of the unanswered questions in the field.

Screening and Validation of p38 MAPK Involved in Ovarian Development of Brachymystax lenok

“…The results showed that 291 of 719 upregulated overlapping DEGs were enriched in the KEGG pathway, among which the significantly enriched pathways were carbon metabolism ( 23 ), pyruvate metabolism ( 11 ), and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum ( 30 ) ( Figure 3C ). Among the 1,727 downregulated overlapping DEGs, 693 genes were enriched in the KEGG pathway, among which the enriched pathways included spliceosome ( 53 ) and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum ( 65 ) ( Figure 3D ).…”

“…Most DEGs were found in the spleen (10,837), followed by the head kidney (10,352), muscle (7,968), gonad (7,728), and liver (6,690). The spleen and head kidney are important haematopoietic tissues in fish and play important roles in the generation, storage, and maturation of red blood cells and granulocytes (52,53). The head kidney also contains phagocytes and B cells, and is an important organ for the production of antibodies (54).…”

Silica nanoparticles alleviate the immunosuppression, oxidative stress, biochemical, behavioral, and histopathological alterations induced by Aeromonas veronii infection in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

“…The head kidney (anterior kidney) is a powerful hematopoietic organ in fish, while the other part of the kidney (posterior kidney) is responsible for excretion (Bates et al 2018 ). The liver is the main organ that plays a pivotal role in the binding, storage, and detoxification (Mahboub and Shaheen 2021 ).…”

Effects of Chronic Heat Stress on Kidney Damage, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Heat Shock Proteins of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)

“…Similarly, mucosal epithelial cells showed marked signs of necrosis after heat stress at 24 • C and 28 • C, and shedding cells were seen in the lumen of the valve intestine accompanied by a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration [20]. The fish kidney is a complex organ with complex structure and diverse functions, which not only can maintain the water-salt balance of the fish body and regulate its osmotic pressure, but also has immune, hematopoietic, and excretory functions [21][22][23]. It plays an important role in the process of resistance to invasion of foreign pathogenic bacteria and unfavorable external stress [24,25].…”