Kinematic and Kinetic Gait Analysis of bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Effects on ankle and hip Gait Mechanics

Abstract

The reason of this investigation was to evaluate the kinematic and kinetic gait analysis of persons who are suffering with bilateral knee osteoarthritis and with their healthy limb gait mechanics. Twenty subjects who are affected with the knee osteoarthritis (OA) with different age group, sex and body mass index were included in the study. This investigation aims at comparing the gait pattern of the hip joint and ankle joint between the knee OA and their other healthy limb gait mechanics. Kinematic and kinetic parameters were observed in depth with the use of Vicon gait analysis system. The motion range in sagittal, coronal and transverse plane, and peak joint moments of hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint were investigated. It was observed that speed of walking varies within the range of 0.99 m/s to 1.02 m/s for the subjects. The mean speed of walking for the subjects is 1.00 m/s. The stride length is measured in the range 1.02 m to 1.09m, averaging 1.05m. The pattern of the knee moments show a negative (flexion) internal moment at the joint indicating the line of action of the ground reaction forces (GRF) passing anterior to the knee joint during stance phase (upto 60% of walking cycle) and the ankle varus moment was observed 50% higher in the knee OA affected subjects, thus creating a higher external extension moment at the joint. There is a significant increment in the GRF of the Knee OA patients in comparison to the normal person. This increment in the GRF is responsible to change the knee joint and hip joint gait mechanics. As the ankle moment is increased in association of Knee OA, much care should be given to the ankle joint and hip joint while treating patients with knee OA.

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