Klimt artwork: material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer and Raman spectroscopy

Costa, B.F.O.; Blumers, M.; Sansano, A.; Klingelhöfer, G.; Rull, Fernando; Lehmann, R.; Renz, Franz

doi:10.1007/s10751-013-0998-z

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additional to the results presented previously on a point also covered with new painting of the Red Scarf (red colors) the iron pigments are the same in the two layers [2]. The study of the Red Scarf now showed that The red-brown colors under the Arm show that metallic iron is part of the painting pigments of both layers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In continuation to our earlier investigations [2], MIMOSII backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer-and Raman-spectroscopy, SEM / EDX -measurements and portable X-ray-Fluorescence Analyses were performed. These results confirm that the Klimt-Artwork contains different layers from different centuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…On top followed a layer of jute and gypsum, consequently covered by several layers of colored pigments, which give the artwork its appearance [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Klimt artwork (Part II): material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer- and Raman- spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a rediscovered Klimt-artwork "Trompetender Putto" material tests have been conducted. We report studies on different points of the painting. The spots are of different colors, mainly taken in spots of the painting not restaurated. MIMOS II Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed mainly haematite and nano particle oxides in red and red/brown colors. Brown colors also contain crystallized goethite. In brown/ochre colors the same pigments as in brown colors are observed, but there is less quantity of goethite and more quantity of haematite. The green colors show Fe-rich clays, like celadonite or glauconite and or lepidocrocite as main component. Raman spectroscopy revealed cinnabar in red colors of the Scarf; and massicot in brown/ochre points, i.e. in the Left Wing of the "Putto". With scanning electron microscopy, various layers of the original and of overpainting could be recognized. The investigations of sample 1 show three layers of colored materials, which were identified as zinc-white, cinnabar and galena as well as carbon compounds. In sample 2 four layers could be detected. These are identified (bottom to top) as gypsum and lead-white (layer 1), zinc-white (layer 2), lead-white and cinnabar (layer 3) and titaniumwhite (layer 4). The elementary composition was examined with the portable X-rayfluorescence analysis for qualitative manner at different points.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Klimt artwork (Part II): material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer- and Raman- spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The spectra are recorded with 6 keV and 14.4 keV. The environment is protected with a lead cover against gamma radiation (Costa et al 2014 andCosta et al 2016).…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Klimt artwork: red-pigment material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

Lehmann

Wengerowsky

Schmidt

et al. 2017

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Material tests were performed on a rediscovered Klimt-artwork "Trompetender Putto". We performed studies on the red colored spots, mainly taken from non-restored parts. MIMOS II Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy (novelty in art-pigment analysis) mainly reveals haematite and crystallized goethite in red colors. Electron microscopy can identify various layers of the original and overpainting of an artwork. The number of layers fluctuates between three and four chemically painted areas. The portable X-ray fluorescence analysis enables to reduce the pigment list to containing mercury (cinnabar), lead, zinc, iron and titanium. Infrared-lightirradiation visualizes the different age of the pigments.

show abstract

“…Scientific studies have been conducted on artwork for determining their production date and materials 1 2 3 4 5 6 , for quantitatively characterizing their style 7 8 9 , significance 10 , creativity 11 12 and even beauty 13 , and for preservation or maintenance purposes 14 15 16 17 18 19 . A wide range of measurement techniques have been used such as electromagnetic measurements 4 19 from X-rays 20 21 to infrared wavelengths 1 22 , Raman spectroscopy 4 23 24 25 , mass spectrometry 26 27 28 , image analysis 8 9 , rheology measurements 7 , and biochemistry assays 5 . Preservation techniques have recently used laser processing 17 29 , as well as innovative soft and nano-materials 15 30 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and historical relevance of a jetting thermometer made of Chinese zisha ceramic

Lee

Attinger

2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following a recent trend of scientific studies on artwork, we study here the thermodynamics of a thermometer made of zisha ceramic, related to the Chinese tea culture. The thermometer represents a boy who “urinates” shortly after hot water is poured onto his head. Long jetting distance is said to indicate that the water temperature is hot enough to brew tea. Here, a thermodynamic model describes the jetting phenomenon of that pee-pee boy. The study demonstrates how thermal expansion of an interior air pocket causes jetting. A thermodynamic potential is shown to define maximum jetting velocity. Seven optimization criteria to maximize jetting distance are provided, including two dimensionless numbers. Predicted jetting distances, jet durations, and temperatures agree very well with infrared and optical measurements. Specifically, the study confirms that jetting distances are sensitive enough to measure water temperature in the context of tea brewing. Optimization results show that longer jets are produced by large individuals, with low body mass index, with a boyhood of medium size inclined at an angle π/4. The study ends by considering the possibility that ceramic jetting artifacts like the pee-pee boy might have been the first thermometers known to mankind, before Galileo Galilei’s thermoscope.

show abstract

Klimt artwork: material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer and Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Klimt artwork (Part II): material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer- and Raman- spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

Klimt artwork (Part II): material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer- and Raman- spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

Klimt artwork: red-pigment material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

Thermodynamics and historical relevance of a jetting thermometer made of Chinese zisha ceramic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About