Know thy SEFL: Fear sensitization and its relevance to stressor-related disorders

Nishimura, Kenji; Poulos, Andrew M.; Drew, Michael R.; Rajbhandari, Abha K.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104884

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 130 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This concept has been previously explored with the “3-hit” stress model 39 and the stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) rodent paradigm. 40 In the context of this study, mice that underwent the classic PTSD paradigm can be considered to undergo a traumatic episode consisting of two sequential adverse events (Fear conditioning followed by restraint stress). Conversely, mice that underwent the modified PTSD paradigm can be considered to undergo a non-traumatic episode (restraint stress followed by fear conditioning 24 h later).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parvalbumin interneuron activity in autism underlies susceptibility to PTSD-like memory formation

Al Abed,

Allen,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

iScience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parvalbumin interneuron activity in autism underlies susceptibility to PTSD-like memory formation

Al Abed,

Allen,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

iScience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, hippocampal lesioned rats can acquire contextual fear memory (especially foreground contextual fear conditioning where there is no discrete cue that competes for association with the footshock) presumably using elemental contextual cues (for a review, see [ 95 ]). Furthermore, stress-enhanced contextual fear occurs in juvenile rats (before the declarative memory system matures) and appears to be due to a nondeclarative sensitization process in adult rats (e.g., [ 96 , 97 ]).…”

Section: Stress Effects On Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive effects of stress: a metaparadigm perspective

Kim

2023

Mol Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stressful experiences, both physical and psychological, that are overwhelming (i.e., inescapable and unpredictable), can measurably affect subsequent neuronal properties and cognitive functioning of the hippocampus. At the cellular level, stress has been shown to alter hippocampal synaptic plasticity, spike and local field potential activity, dendritic morphology, neurogenesis, and neurodegeneration. At the behavioral level, stress has been found to impair learning and memory for declarative (or explicit) tasks that are based on cognition, such as verbal recall memory in humans and spatial memory in rodents, while facilitating those that are based on emotion, such as differential fear conditioning in humans and contextual fear conditioning in rodents. These vertically related alterations in the hippocampus, procedurally observed after subjects have undergone stress, are generally believed to be mediated by recurrently elevated circulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis effector hormones, glucocorticoids, directly acting on hippocampal neurons densely populated with corticosteroid receptors. The main purposes of this review are to (i) provide a synopsis of the neurocognitive effects of stress in a historical context that led to the contemporary HPA axis dogma of basic and translational stress research, (ii) critically reappraise the necessity and sufficiency of the glucocorticoid hypothesis of stress, and (iii) suggest an alternative metaparadigm approach to monitor and manipulate the progression of stress effects at the neural coding level. Real-time analyses can reveal neural activity markers of stress in the hippocampus that can be used to extrapolate neurocognitive effects across a range of stress paradigms (i.e., resolve scaling and dichotomous memory effects issues) and understand individual differences, thereby providing a novel neurophysiological scaffold for advancing future stress research.

show abstract

“…Interpersonal violence, especially sexual assault, portends a greater risk of developing PTSD than natural disasters [ 11 , 39 - 42 ]. Cumulative trauma is an important issue, as risk of PTSD increases with repeated exposure, through sensitization [ 43 ]. Prolonged trauma is higher risk than brief experiences [ 44 ], as are traumas with subjective responses characterised by acute dissociation [ 45 ] or catastrophic cognitive appraisals [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review

Burback

Brémault‐Phillips

Nijdam

et al. 2024

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This narrative state-of-the-art review paper describes the progress in the understanding and treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Over the last four decades, the scientific landscape has matured, with many interdisciplinary contributions to understanding its diagnosis, etiology, and epidemiology. Advances in genetics, neurobiology, stress pathophysiology, and brain imaging have made it apparent that chronic PTSD is a systemic disorder with high allostatic load. The current state of treatment yields a wide variety of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches, of which many are evidence-based. However, the myriad challenges inherent in the disorder, such as individual and systemic barriers to treatment outcome, comorbidity, emotional dysregulation, suicidality, dissociation, substance use, and trauma-related guilt and shame often render treatment response suboptimal. These challenges are discussed as drivers for emerging novel treatment approaches, including early interventions in the Golden Hours, pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, medication augmentation interventions, the use of psychedelics, as well as interventions targeting the brain and nervous system. All of this aims to improve symptom relief and clinical outcomes. Finally, a phase orientation to treatment is recognized as a tool to strategize treatment of the disorder, and position interventions in step with the progression of the pathophysiology. Revisions to guidelines and systems of care will be needed to incorporate innovative treatments as evidence emerges and they become mainstream. This generation is well-positioned to address the devastating and often chronic disabling impact of traumatic stress events through holistic, cutting-edge clinical efforts and interdisciplinary research.

show abstract

Know thy SEFL: Fear sensitization and its relevance to stressor-related disorders

Cited by 15 publications

References 130 publications

Parvalbumin interneuron activity in autism underlies susceptibility to PTSD-like memory formation

Parvalbumin interneuron activity in autism underlies susceptibility to PTSD-like memory formation

Neurocognitive effects of stress: a metaparadigm perspective

Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About