Knowledge and Practices regarding Guideline-directed Medical Therapy for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) among Physicians in Beijing, China: a Cross- sectional Study

Abstract

Background Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practices of physicians in Beijing toward the use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for HFrEF. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled physicians at 13 districts of Beijing between November 2022 and December 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was designed that included demographic, knowledge and practice dimensions. Results The study included 290 physicians (females, 63.79%). The average knowledge score was 28.23 ± 9.03 (total score: 43), indicating a moderate level of knowledge. Knowledge gaps were identified in areas such as the use and dosing of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. A higher knowledge score was associated with higher qualifications, specialization as a cardiologist, senior professional title and more than 5 years of work experience (all P < 0.05). Suboptimal practices were identified in the prescribing and dosing of ARNIs, beta-blockers, MRAs and SGLT2 inhibitors. Conclusion The physicians in Beijing had unsatisfactory knowledge and inadequate practices regarding GDMT for HFrEF. The findings may facilitate the design and implementation of training interventions to raise awareness about GDMT for HFrEF.