Knowledge, attitude, and practice among guardians of boys toward the management of concealed penis

Abstract

Background Concealed penis (CP) is a significant genital malformation in children that can lead to complications if left untreated. Guardians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding CP management play a crucial role in early diagnosis and intervention. CP often goes unnoticed in early childhood, leading to potential complications. This study aimed to assess the KAP among guardians of boys regarding the management of CP, with the hypothesis that there may be gaps in knowledge and awareness. Methods A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among guardians of boys in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, local hospital from November 2022 to March 2023. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographic information and assessed KAP. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and structural equation modeling. Results Out of 394 participants, 11.68% reported their children had CP. Mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 4.00 ± 2.00, 35.63 ± 3.40, and 23.03 ± 6.97, respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between KAP. Structural equation modeling revealed that knowledge influenced attitude and practice, and attitude influenced practice. CP diagnosis directly affected participants' practice. Guardians displayed limited knowledge but positive attitudes toward CP management. However, their practices were relatively inactive. These findings suggest a need for targeted educational initiatives and improved communication between guardians and healthcare providers to enhance CP management. Conclusions To improve outcomes for affected children, it is imperative to develop educational strategies and encourage open dialogues between guardians and healthcare providers.