Königssiegel als Programm – Überlegungen zum Selbstverständnis altorientalischer Herrscher und zur Deutung der Tierkampfszene

Otto, Adelheid

doi:10.1515/za-2013-0007

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The hunting and animal combat scenes on the upper register of the gorytos and akinakesmounts celebrate martial force and natural hierarchies (Meuli 1954;Eliade 1972, pp. 158-60), which play a vital role in the heraldry of power in the Near East (Strawn 2005;Watanabe 2002;Otto 2013) and Archaic Greece (Hölscher 1972;von Hofsten 2007;Winkler-Horaček 2015), as well as Persia (Kuz'mina 1987;Root 2002;Sathe 2012), Central Asia (Silvi Antonini 2003, and Eastern Europe (Kull 2000, p. 433f.…”

Section: The Iconography Of Hierarchy and Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Raiding, Systematic Slaving, and Sweeping Depopulation? Re-Evaluating the Scythian Impact on Central Europe through the Lens of the Witaszkowo/Vettersfelde Hoard

Nebelsick

2024

Arts

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In 1882, the lavishly decorated golden regalia of a steppe nomad warrior prince, which was crafted in the late sixth century BCE in a “bilingual” Scythian–Milesian workshop on the Black Sea coast, was found on the edge of a Lusatian swamp 120 km southeast of Berlin. Its discovery and the ongoing findings of steppe nomad armaments—arrows, battle axes, and swords—in central Europe have led to a lively debate about the nature of Scythian–Indigenous interaction in the Early Iron Age, ranging from benign visions of long-term acculturation to violent scenarios of short-term raiding. In this article, I argue that an analysis of the iconography of the Witaszkowo hoard and new information from excavations at its find spot make it likely that it was sent as a diplomatic gift by Scythian elites to an indigenous leader and deposited by the local community as a votive hoard. An affirmation of the compact chronological range of Scythian artefacts found in the west, growing evidence for the destruction of indigenous strongholds by horse-borne archers, and concurrent evidence for the drastic depopulation of vast landscapes in the second half of the sixth century BCE allow us to envisage the gifting of this hoard as an episode of a fierce and destructive altercation. It is posited that this onslaught was a facet of the western thrust of the Lydian and Persian Empires, and that its extirpative impact was the result of systematic, commercially driven slaving triggered by the concurrent monetisation of the economies of the Black Sea coast. The effects of these raids on Eastern Central Europe’s later prehistoric communities are made manifest by analogies to the disastrous ramifications of the transatlantic slave trade on societies of 16th-to-18th-century West Africa.

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Section: The Iconography Of Hierarchy and Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Raiding, Systematic Slaving, and Sweeping Depopulation? Re-Evaluating the Scythian Impact on Central Europe through the Lens of the Witaszkowo/Vettersfelde Hoard

Nebelsick

2024

Arts

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“…(4-h) shows a deified king in presentation scene wearing a flounced robe and a brimmed cap and holding a cup in his extended right hand sits on a padded stool beneath a sun disk in moon crescent. Approaching is a goddess leading a worshiper [17]. Cylinder seal of Ninkhillia, the wife of Ayakala, god of Umma shows a usual presentation scene, fig.…”

Section: Post Akkadian and The Third Dynasty Of Ur Periods (2200-2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cylinder seal of Ninkhillia, the wife of Ayakala, god of Umma shows a usual presentation scene, fig. (4-i) [17].…”

Section: Post Akkadian and The Third Dynasty Of Ur Periods (2200-2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intercession Scenes in Ancient Mesopotamian Cylinder Seals Till the End of the Old Babylonian Period (*)

Elhewaily

2017

Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies

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By the means of the expression "intercession scenes", which this paper presents, it is generally meant a group of figurative themes which appear on Mesopotamian cylinder seals impressions since the end of the Early Dynastic period and become quite frequent since the Akkadian period. This theme also became very popular under the third Dynasty of Ur and Babylonian period. Concerning this theme it is consisted of three elements: the worshipper who stand before the god, the interceding god and the deified king or another male or female god. These are the main characters of this type of scene that I will deal with and interpret it in this article in Mesopotamian cylinder seals till the end of the Old Babylonian Period.

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Glyptic

Otto¹

2018

A Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Art

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Königssiegel als Programm – Überlegungen zum Selbstverständnis altorientalischer Herrscher und zur Deutung der Tierkampfszene

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Violent Raiding, Systematic Slaving, and Sweeping Depopulation? Re-Evaluating the Scythian Impact on Central Europe through the Lens of the Witaszkowo/Vettersfelde Hoard

Violent Raiding, Systematic Slaving, and Sweeping Depopulation? Re-Evaluating the Scythian Impact on Central Europe through the Lens of the Witaszkowo/Vettersfelde Hoard

The Intercession Scenes in Ancient Mesopotamian Cylinder Seals Till the End of the Old Babylonian Period (*)

Glyptic

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