Kratom Alkaloids, Cannabinoids, and Chronic Pain: Basis of Potential Utility and Role in Therapy

Farkas, Daniel; Cooper, Ziva D.; Heydari, Laila N.; Hughes, Alan; Ward, Sara Jane

doi:10.1089/can.2023.0064

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study of over 5000 kratom users found that 11.5% self-reported taking cannabidiol with kratom, second only to cannabis (12.5%) [29]. A recent review of kratom and cannabidiol for chronic pain demonstrates the need for more research, as these products are being consumed concomitantly by an appreciable number of Americans [30]. In addition to the multitude of receptor subtypes purported to be activated by kratom alkaloids and cannabidiol, both kratom and cannabidiol have also been implicated as having potential for pharmacokinetic interactions both in vitro and in vivo [6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Kratom and Cannabidiol in Male Rats

Berthold,

Kamble,

Kanumuri

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Kratom and cannabidiol products are used to self-treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety and pain, and to elevate mood. Research into the individual pharmacokinetic properties of commercially available kratom and cannabidiol products has been performed, but there are no studies on coadministration of these products. Surveys of individuals with kratom use history indicate that cannabidiol use is one of the strongest predictors of both lifetime and past month kratom use. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are changes in pharmacokinetic properties when commercially available kratom and cannabidiol products are administered concomitantly. It was found that with concomitant administration of cannabidiol, there was a 2.8-fold increase in the exposure of the most abundant kratom alkaloid, mitragynine, and increases in the exposure of other minor alkaloids. The results of this work suggest that with cannabidiol coadministration, the effects of kratom may be both delayed and increased due to a delay in time to reach maximum plasma concentration and higher systemic exposure of the psychoactive alkaloids found in kratom.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%