L-carnitine exerts a nutrigenomic effect via direct modulation of nuclear receptor signaling in adipocytes, hepatocytes and SKMC, demonstrating its nutritional impact

Förster, Lorenz; Indra, Dominic; Rosenberger, Klemens; Zver, Lars; Hofbauer, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2020.11.003

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This enhanced mitochondrial activity was indicated by a decrease in the lactate levels in the rodent serum [ 28 ]. It has been recently reported that L-carnitine can physically bind the nuclear receptor HNF4-α and increase its levels [ 33 ]. HNF4-α has been shown to decrease ACE2 levels [ 32 , 34 ], providing a potential mechanism for the downregulation of ACE-2 by L-carnitine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Carnitine Tartrate Downregulates the ACE2 Receptor and Limits SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2021

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for one of the worst pandemics in modern history. Several prevention and treatment strategies have been designed and evaluated in recent months either through the repurposing of existing treatments or the development of new drugs and vaccines. In this study, we show that L-carnitine tartrate supplementation in humans and rodents led to significant decreases of key host dependency factors, notably angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and Furin, which are responsible for viral attachment, viral spike S-protein cleavage, and priming for viral fusion and entry. Interestingly, pre-treatment of Calu-3, human lung epithelial cells, with L-carnitine tartrate led to a significant and dose-dependent inhibition of the infection by SARS-CoV-2. Infection inhibition coincided with a significant decrease in ACE2 mRNA expression levels. These data suggest that L-carnitine tartrate should be tested with appropriate trials in humans for the possibility to limit SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Carnitine Tartrate Downregulates the ACE2 Receptor and Limits SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2021

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“…In this regard, Bellamine et al showed that L-carnitine can reduce the expression of ACE2 in human pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro as well as in clinical conditions in animal models and humans [ 20 ]. The effect of L-carnitine on reducing ACE2 expression is through its effect on increasing hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4-α) level [ 21 ]. HNF4-α play a direct role in lowering ACE2 expression [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease: a pilot study

et al. 2022

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Background The present single-center clinical trial was designed to evaluate the potential benefits of L-carnitine supplementation in patients with COVID-19 disease. Methods and patients The study was conducted on 75 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti Hospital-Hamadan, IRAN. The participants were randomly divided into intervention ( n = 32) and control groups ( n = 43). The control group received their standard hospital treatment only. In addition to standard medications, the intervention group received 3000 mg oral L-carnitine daily in three divided doses for five days. The blood samples were collected and para-clinical parameters were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment. Clinical outcomes were also recorded, and data were analyzed using χ 2 and t -tests. Results Higher means of O2 saturation were observed in the intervention rather than in the control group. Mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly lower in the intervention group. Furthermore, mean alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were lower in the intervention group. Also, lower mean serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was observed in the intervention group. No significant differences were observed in terms of clinical symptoms; however, six patients (14%) in the control group died due to the complications of COVID-19, while all patients in the intervention group survived. Conclusion Taken together, L-carnitine can be considered as a drug supplement in patients with COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43440-022-00402-y.

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“…It regulates mitochondrial activity through modulation of transcription factors and is a crucial cofactor in the β-oxidation of fatty acids, which facilitates the cellular energy production process ( Iacobazzi et al, 2013 ). L-carnitine also impacts lipid metabolism by influencing various transcription factors related to lipolysis and adipogenesis, reducing lipid synthesis and deposition ( Förster et al, 2021 ). Moreover, it exhibits antioxidant properties ( Sahebnasagh et al, 2022 ), balancing hypertonicity-induced imbalances between oxygenase and antioxidant enzymes, reducing ROS production, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, preventing oxidative DNA damage, and suppressing the production of heme oxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2.…”

Section: Impact Of Nutrients On the Ocular Surface And Potential Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for nutritional supplements for dry eye disease: current advances

Cong,

Zhang,

Han

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Dry eye disease (DED) represents a prevalent ocular surface disease. The development of effective nutritional management strategies for DED is crucial due to its association with various factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, deficiencies in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), imbalanced PUFA ratios, and vitamin insufficiencies. Extensive research has explored the impact of oral nutritional supplements, varying in composition and dosage, on the symptoms of DED. The main components of these supplements include fish oils (Omega-3 fatty acids), vitamins, trace elements, and phytochemical extracts. Beyond these well-known nutrients, it is necessary to explore whether novel nutrients might contribute to more effective DED management. This review provides a comprehensive update on the therapeutic potential of nutrients and presents new perspectives for combination supplements in DED treatment.

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L-carnitine exerts a nutrigenomic effect via direct modulation of nuclear receptor signaling in adipocytes, hepatocytes and SKMC, demonstrating its nutritional impact

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

L-Carnitine Tartrate Downregulates the ACE2 Receptor and Limits SARS-CoV-2 Infection

L-Carnitine Tartrate Downregulates the ACE2 Receptor and Limits SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease: a pilot study

Recommendations for nutritional supplements for dry eye disease: current advances

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