L-carnitine supplementation during vitrification of mouse germinal vesicle stage-oocytes and their subsequent in vitro maturation improves meiotic spindle configuration and mitochondrial distribution in metaphase II oocytes

Moawad, Adel R.; Xu, Baozeng; Tan, Seang Lin; Taketo, Teruko

doi:10.1093/humrep/deu201

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Freezing induced damages include loss of cell membrane, meiotic spindle disorganization, chromatid disjunction and aneuploidy101112, abnormal mitochondrial distribution and activity ( ie. ATP production), premature cortical granule release and zona pellucida hardening3131415.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Glycine increases preimplantation development of mouse oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle stage

Cao

Rose

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Ice-free cryopreservation, referred to as vitrification, is receiving increased attention in the human and animal assisted reproduction. However, it introduces the detrimental osmotic stress by adding and removing high contents of cryoprotectants. In this study, we evaluated the effects of normalizing cell volume regulation by adding glycine, an organic osmolyte, during vitrification of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocyte and/or subsequent maturation on its development. The data showed that glycine supplementation in either vitrification/thawing or maturation medium significantly improved the cytoplasmic maturation of MII oocytes manifested by spindle assembly, chromosomal alignment, mitochondrial distribution, euploidy rate, and blastocyst development following fertilization in vitro, compared to the control without glycine treatment. Furthermore, glycine addition during both vitrification/thawing and maturation further enhanced the oocyte quality demonstrated by various markers, including ATP contents and embryo development. Lastly, the effect of anti-apoptosis was also observed when glycine was added during vitrification. Our result suggests that reducing osmotic stress induced by vitrification could improve the development of vitrified mouse oocyte.

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confidence: 99%

“…To circumvent the problems associated with MII oocytes, research efforts have recently focused on the cryopreservation of germinal vesicle (GV) stage, or immature oocytes14. Because GV oocytes have not yet developed a spindle apparatus, they are thought to be more resistant to freezing-induced damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Glycine increases preimplantation development of mouse oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle stage

Cao

Rose

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Specifically, the inclusion of L-carnitine during IVM and vitrification of mouse GV oocytes significantly increased the number of blastocyst embryos, comparable to the number of blastocysts developed from oocytes that were not vitrified or matured in vivo and vitrified (Moawad et al, 2013(Moawad et al, , 2014. L-carnitine treatment during IVM and vitrification was associated with improved meiotic spindle formation and distribution and increased activity of mitochondria (Moawad et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effects Of L-carnitine During Ivm On the Cryotolerance Of Oomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Supplementation of IVM and/or vitrification media with L-carnitine has resulted improvements in oocyte quality in mouse GV oocytes (Moawad et al, 2013(Moawad et al, , 2014 and bovine MII oocytes following cryopreservation and thawing (Spricigo et al, 2017). Specifically, the inclusion of L-carnitine during IVM and vitrification of mouse GV oocytes significantly increased the number of blastocyst embryos, comparable to the number of blastocysts developed from oocytes that were not vitrified or matured in vivo and vitrified (Moawad et al, 2013(Moawad et al, , 2014. L-carnitine treatment during IVM and vitrification was associated with improved meiotic spindle formation and distribution and increased activity of mitochondria (Moawad et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effects Of L-carnitine During Ivm On the Cryotolerance Of Oomentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of l-carnitine during oocyte in vitro maturation: essential co-factor?

Dunning¹,

Robker²

2017

Anim Reprod

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In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a promising technology for both the treatment of human infertility and in animal production as a means of improving genetic gain. However, IVM derived oocytes remain inferior to those matured in vivo with reduced developmental potential. The environment in which an oocyte matures in vitro is vastly different to in vivo where maturation takes place within the ovarian follicle. The in vitro environment differs in oxygen concentration, exposure to light, and metabolite composition of culture media vs. follicle fluid, to name a few. Human follicle fluid contains the metabolite Lcarnitine and has shown to be associated with human fertility. L-carnitine has known biological functions as an essential co-factor for beta-oxidation, regulating ATP production from lipids, and as a potent antioxidant. Importantly, it appears that cumulus cells and the oocyte lack the machinery to synthesize L-carnitine de novo. The inability for local production of L-carnitine during IVM and its importance in human fertility warrants investigation of its affects during IVM. The potential to improve oocyte quality by inclusion of L-carnitine in the culture media thus increasing the capacity for betaoxidation and/or antioxidant activity of the culture media is receiving increased attention. This review summarizes studies to date investigating the developmental importance of L-carnitine during IVM and the mechanisms by which improved developmental potential is elicited. Overall, the inclusion of L-carnitine during IVM of several species results in improved oocyte quality with increased development to blastocyst. This is likely due to the antioxidant capacity of L-carnitine and its ability to increase ATP production from intracellular lipid stores.

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“…It was demonstrated to improve mitochondrial performance and developmental capacity of porcine oocytes [73]. Supplementation of mouse oocyte media with L-carnitine, a small antioxidant molecule important in fatty acid β oxidation, improves meiotic spindle configuration and mitochondrial distribution following IVM of vitrified oocytes [74]. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid-soluble electron transporter in ETC.…”

Section: Improvements In Mitochondrial Performance and Clinical Implimentioning

confidence: 99%

Oocyte mitochondrial function and reproduction

Babayev

Seli²

2015

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

257

179

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Purpose of review Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are required for energy production. Emerging evidence demonstrates their role in oocyte development and reproduction. In this review, we examine recent animal and clinical studies on the role of mitochondria in fertility. We also analyse the impact of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) on mitochondrial function and discuss the future clinical implications of mitochondrial nutrients and mitochondrial replacement. Recent findings Mitochondria affect all aspects of mammalian reproduction. They are essential for optimal oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes a decrease in oocyte quality and interferes with embryonic development. ART procedures affect mitochondrial function, while mitochondrial nutrients may increase mitochondrial performance in oocytes. New mitochondrial replacement procedures using mitochondria obtained from polar bodies or from the patient’s own oogonial stem cells are promising and may address concerns related to the induction of high-levels of heteroplasmy, which could potentially result in negative long-term health effects. Summary Optimal energy production is required for oocyte and embryo development, and mitochondrial abnormalities have devastating reproductive consequences. Improvement of oocyte mitochondrial function via intake of compounds that boost mitochondrial activity may have clinical benefits, and mitochondrial replacement could potentially be used for the prevention of mitochondrial diseases.

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L-carnitine supplementation during vitrification of mouse germinal vesicle stage-oocytes and their subsequent in vitro maturation improves meiotic spindle configuration and mitochondrial distribution in metaphase II oocytes

Abstract: Partially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant and Mitacs Elevate Postdoctoral Fellowship, Canada.

Cited by 63 publications

References 98 publications

Glycine increases preimplantation development of mouse oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle stage

Glycine increases preimplantation development of mouse oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle stage

The role of l-carnitine during oocyte in vitro maturation: essential co-factor?

Oocyte mitochondrial function and reproduction

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