l-glutamine is a key parameter in the immunosuppression phenomenon

Hammami, I.; Chen, Jingkui; Bronte, Vincenzo; DeCrescenzo, Gregory; Jolicœur, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.139

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Indeed, we showed that iNOS, probably through NF-kB-dependent signaling cascades, is also involved in the regulation of MYD88 expression in the liver (6). Furthermore, the results of Kim et al (36), Lu et al (37), and Hammami et al (38) suggest that Gln may directly alter iNOS activity in vitro. In accordance with these findings, Esposito et al (39) also found that in ischemia/reperfusion models the beneficial effects of Gln supplementation on the liver were associated with protection against the induction of iNOS in the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Sellmann

Wei

Degen

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Sellmann

Wei

Degen

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…Previous studies also indicated that ADSCs secrete TGF-b, a growth factor known to promote premature helper T-cell differentiation toward T regulatory cells, which promotes immune tolerance (Kokai et al 2014). ADSCs also secrete galectin-1 and -3, which have been shown to be essential paracrine molecules in T-cell suppression (Hammami et al 2012). Thus, an increase in the aforementioned autocrine factors of ADSCs might result in the enhanced immunosuppression and transformation of ADSCs into neural cells that help to repair SCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Expressing the Neurogenin-2 Promote Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Rat

Tang

Zhu

et al. 2015

Cell Mol Neurobiol

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Neurogenin2 (Ngn2) is a proneural gene that directs neuronal differentiation of progenitor cells during development. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) over-expressing the Ngn2 transgene (Ngn2-ADSCs) could display the characteristics of neurogenic cells and improve functional recovery in an experimental rat model of SCI. ADSCs from rats were cultured and purified in vitro, followed by genetically modified with the Ngn2 gene. Forty-eight adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: the control, ADSCs, and Ngn2-ADSCs groups. The hind-limb motor function of all rats was recorded using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale for 8 weeks. Moreover, hematoxylineosin staining and immunohistochemistry were also performed. After neural induction, positive expression rate of NeuN in Ngn2-ADSCs group was upon 90 %. Following transplantation, a great number of ADSCs was found around the center of the injury spinal cord at 1 and 4 weeks, which improved retention of tissue at the lesion site. Ngn2-ADSCs differentiated into neurons, indicated by the expression of neuronal markers, NeuN and Tuj1. Additionally, transplantation of Ngn2-ADSCs upregulated the trophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor), and inhibited the glial scar formation, which was indicated by immunohistochemistry with glial fibrillary acidic protein. Finally, Ngn2-ADSCs-treated animals showed the highest functional recovery among the three groups. These findings suggest that transplantation of Ngn2-overexpressed ADSCs promote the functional recovery from SCI, and improve the local microenvironment of injured cord in a more efficient way than that with ADSCs alone.

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“…In this context, administration of exogenous glutamine in conditions of low glutamine levels, such as those observed during inflammation, should enhance immunologic responses and improve outcome. In addition, as glutaminolysis contributes to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) maturation through the supply of energy and metabolic intermediates [48], maintaining optimal glutamine levels is critical in preventing the MDSC-mediated immunosuppression.…”

Section: L-glutamine (Gln)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acids and Immune Response: A Role for Cysteine, Glutamine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan and Arginine in T-cell Function and Cancer?

Sikalidis

2014

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

129

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While proteins are critical for immunity, T-cells constitute a critical component of adaptive immunity by clearing cancerous cells among other abnormal cells. However, cancer cells exhibit a potential to escape T-cell control by employing mechanisms not completely delineated. Interesting work has investigated how certain amino acids affect the proliferation rate of T-cells as well as their effectiveness in clearing tumors. The role of amino acids cysteine, glutamine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and arginine in immunomodulation and particularly regarding T-cell proliferation and activation is discussed. The redox balance is reported to affect T-cell proliferation via modulation of cysteine availability. In addition antigen presenting cells (APCs), similar to myeloid cells determine the availability of amino acids in the extracellular microenvironment affecting T-cell proliferation and activation. A better mechanistic understanding of T-cell function modulation via amino acid signaling or metabolic properties may be helpful towards optimization of adaptive immunity with implications for cancer prognosis and treatment.

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l-glutamine is a key parameter in the immunosuppression phenomenon

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Oral Glutamine Supplementation Protects Female Mice from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Expressing the Neurogenin-2 Promote Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Rat

Amino Acids and Immune Response: A Role for Cysteine, Glutamine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan and Arginine in T-cell Function and Cancer?

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