L-shell X-ray production cross sections for 29Cu, 31Ga, 32Ge, 35Br, 39Y, 60Nd, 64Gd, 67Ho, 70Yb, 79Au, and 82Pb for 2–25 MeV carbon ions

Experimental and theoretical L-shell ionization cross sections of heavy atoms by impact of Si ions

“…with β=0.9 [42] and q=q e , the equilibrium charge state of the ion in the bulk. The ion beam changes its charge state during its passage through the target.…”

L-shell ionization in Au by O5+-and Ni5+-ion impact

“…They found their experimental ionization probabilities in agreement with the geometrical model of Sulik [12] for all the projectiles except for Cu. Mehta et al [13] measured the total L X-ray production cross sections in Au bombarded by 2-25 MeV carbon ions and found a good agreement between the experimentally measured values and the values based on the ECPSSR theory. Semaniak et al [14] measured the Au L-subshell ionization cross-sections for N-ion impact at 1.7 MeV to 22.4MeV.…”

“…In earlier publications [13,14,16]. It has been pointed out that with no K-shell vacancy in the projectile, the contribution of the electron capture (EC) to the total L X-ray production cross sections is less than 5%.…”

L shell x ray production in high-Z elements using 4–6MeV/u fluorine ions

“…In the present work, single-hole fluorescence ωi 0 and CK yields fij 0 [43], were corrected for multiple ionization using a model prescribed by Lapicki et al [60]. Each electron in a manifold of the outer subshells is ionized with a probability P which is calculated from Equation (A3) of [60] and replacing the projectile atomic number ZP by its charge state q [61],…”