La poda y su efecto en la calidad del grano de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Gutiérrez-Brito, Eduardo E.; Rojas, Edna Ivonne Leiva; Ramírez-Pisco, Ramiro

doi:10.15517/rac.v43i2.38206

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Likewise, pruning leads to reducing the shade at a certain time of the year which allows disease control through aeration of the stand (Armengot et al, 2016, Kongor et al, 2018 and the development of new buds. Moreover, it increases flowering and fruit production (Gutiérrez et al, 2019), with the perspective of balancing vegetative growth with reproductive growth and thus directing the increase in productivity and almonds quality (Sánchez et al 2007). Therefore, pruning serves as a key tool to achieve micro-environmental conditions that favor cacao production, however, it must be considered the intensity and time in which it is carried out (Niether et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pruning and Nitrogen Fertilization on Flushing and Pod Production in Cacao

Jaimez

Cañarte

Márquez

2023

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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Background. Maintenance pruning is an essential activity in cacao in order to maintain height, avoid intersections of branches between trees, and generate new foliar shoots. Usually, fertilization is applied at the same time as pruning, but there are little information when it should be applied to synchronize with the metabolic events triggered when pruning. The application of N, its effectiveness and the effect of different doses is very important, but there is very little known. Objective. To evaluate the effect of the fertilization of two doses of N (50 and 110 g per tree) before, during and after pruning on flushing, number of cherelles (pods smaller than 5 cm in length) and pods, fresh weight and numbers of almonds in trees which are 8 years old. Methodology. a split-plot design was established. Main plot was assigned to pruning (pruning and without pruning) and sub plots the doses of nitrogen fertilization and the time of application factor. One week after fertilization, the number of flushing emissions, cherelles and number of pods in different stages were counted weekly in 4 trees per treatment until week 20. Mature pods also were harvested and the number of almonds and fresh weight were counted. Results. Pruning affected the flushing, shortening the periods between maximum emissions. The application of N in doses of 110 g/tree one week after pruning leads to a higher and significant number of flushing number of cherelles and number of pods. Implications Pruning does not influence the production parameters, but the greater availability of N given in the higher applied dose leads to a greater number of pods and fresh weight. The greater availability of N after pruning leads to a more efficient use for the formation of new pods. greater number of almonds and greater fresh weight. Conclusion. These results show that nitrogen fertilization carried out after pruning is a feasible strategy to achieve a number of flushing, pods and production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pruning and Nitrogen Fertilization on Flushing and Pod Production in Cacao

Jaimez

Cañarte

Márquez

2023

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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“…Previous studies consider the influence of different factors, such as dietary habits or body fat distribution, on the injection site reaction to the use of immunomodulators in multiple sclerosis. However, scientific evidence on the factors that may influence this reaction after the administration of the biological drug is scarce (6). Currently, prefilled pens are one of the main pharmaceutical forms used in the administration of drugs subcutaneously and also in biologic drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Injection Site Reaction in Patients Treated With Biologic Drugs for Subcutaneous Administration

2022

pnr

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The study population was considered to be patients who had a monthly and maximum 12-week treatment with subcutaneous administration of biologic drugs. The variables studied were those related in the first part to the clinical history: age, sex and diagnosis of the patient, additionally, the names of the drug and frequency of use were considered. A clinical interview was conducted on the self-administration of the drug, for example: if hands were washed before the application of the drug, placed on the body where the drug was administered, rotations of the puncture site and reactions at the puncture site. Among the most relevant results, the mean age of the patients was 54 years, the sex that influenced was male with 50.5%, and a prevalent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis with 32%. The most commonly used drug was adalimumab 60% with a frequent regimen every 2 weeks with 43%. It was presented that 90% of the patients washed their hands before administration, the preferential puncture site reported was the abdomen with 73%, and the puncture site was rotated in 82%. It was obtained that 4 patients out of a total of 99 patients evaluated had puncture site reactions, three with the drug adalimumab in the thigh and abdomen area; and one with etanercept in the abdomen area. Since this was a pilot test, the present research suggests continuing to explore other investigations that allow elucidating more conclusively if there is a relationship between the drugs used and their adverse reactions.

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Caracterización agronómica, fisicoquímica, sensorial y de metabolitos con actividad funcional de cacaos especiales cultivados bajo sistemas agroforestales en el departamento de Santander

Báez Daza,

Agudelo Castañeda,

Rodriguez Silva

et al. 2022

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En el presente documento se hace una compilación de información producto de resultados de investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue la caracterización agronómica fisicoquímica, funcional y análisis sensorial de 22 genotipos regionales denominados TCS 01, 02, 04, 05, 06, 08, 10, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 y 49, los cuales son producto de selección natural participativa, y el material TCS 03 que es producto de cruzamiento, así como la evaluación de dos genotipos introducidos y comercialmente distribuidos a nivel nacional ICS 95 y CCN 51. Esta evaluación fue ejecutada por el equipo científico y técnico de AGROSAVIA, en el Centro de Investigación La Suiza y la Universidad Industrial de Santander, desde el Laboratorio de Alimentos del CICTA encontrándose como resultado que los genotipos en estudio presentan un comportamiento productivo y sanitario de interés comercial (TCS 06, 01, 11, 13, 03 y 49), así como un potencial en su composición funcional (TCS 01, 04, 06, 13 y 47) y atributos sensoriales (TCS 01, 02, 05, 13, 19 y 06) además se desarrolló un modelo de predicción de perfiles. Toda la información consignada en este manuscrito sirve como base para investigadores, gremios, industriales, agricultores y comunidad académica, en la evaluación de nuevos genotipos de interés y ratificar a Colombia como país productor de cacao fino y aromatizado reconocido por la International Cocoa Organization (ICCO).

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La poda y su efecto en la calidad del grano de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Pruning and Nitrogen Fertilization on Flushing and Pod Production in Cacao

Effects of Pruning and Nitrogen Fertilization on Flushing and Pod Production in Cacao

Assessment of Injection Site Reaction in Patients Treated With Biologic Drugs for Subcutaneous Administration

Caracterización agronómica, fisicoquímica, sensorial y de metabolitos con actividad funcional de cacaos especiales cultivados bajo sistemas agroforestales en el departamento de Santander

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