La pyrolyse Rock-Eval et ses applications. Troisième partie.

Espitalié, J.; Deroo, G.; Marquis, F.

doi:10.2516/ogst:1986003

Cited by 379 publications

(250 citation statements)

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“…As con cluded by Scholle (1995, p. 144), "When data from or ganic-rich shales, sand stone ce ments, ma rine lime stones, and concretio nary car bon ates are com bined in a sec u lar vari a tion curve, it is not sur pris ing that iso to pic shifts co in cide with formational bound aries". Re cent study of the top part of the Reef Trail Mem ber of the Bell Can yon Forma tion in di cated a large neg a tive iso tope shift of 4.5-5‰ in Ma tu rity paths of in di vid ual kerogen types af ter Espitalié et al (1985) d 13 C from whole-rock in or ganic car bon which ap pears to corre late with the start of a glob ally rec og nized neg a tive ex cur sion as so ci ated with the mid-Guadalupian mass ex tinc tion (No ble et al, 2009). Both fine and coarse grained lithologies show compa ra ble shifts, and the as so ci ated changes in radiolarian as semblages in di cate that the shift re cords eco log i cal/en vi ron men tal vari a tion, and is not a diagenetic sig nal (No ble et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Zechstein (Lopingian) strata in Northern Poland and its global correlation

Peryt¹,

Durakiewicz²,

Kotarba³

et al. 2012

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The Kupferschiefer (T1) re cords a pe riod of ba sin-wide euxinic con di tions, and is thus con sid ered an ex cel lent time-marker in the Zechstein (Lopingian) ba sin. Pre vi ous stud ies in di cated that both the Kupferschiefer and Marl Slate and the over ly ing Zechstein Limestone (Magnesian Lime stone) show re mark able changes in car bon iso to pic com po si tion to wards higher 13 C carb val ues. We have ex amined the Kupferschiefer of the Zdrada IG 8 bore hole that has re cently been stud ied in de tail by Pašava et al. (2010) aim ing to use the car bon iso tope data from the basal Zechstein for strati graphic cor re la tion of the Zechstein ba sin with the global iso to pic curve for Late Perm ian. The d 13 C val ues in the Zdrada IG 8 change from +0.7‰ at the Kupferschiefer base to +5.4‰ in its mid dle part, then de crease to +1.7‰ at the Kupferschiefer top and next rap idly in crease to +3.5‰ (in the low est part of the Zechstein Lime stone) and fi nally to +5.1‰ (0.5 m above). This in creas ing trend con tin ues into the Zechstein Lime stone; all sub se quent Zechstein ma rine car bon ates show highly pos i tive d 13 C val ues. The d 13 C curve that best shows the Zechstein base may lie near a se quence bound ary in the up per Guadalupian of South China that post dates the mid-Guadalupian ex tinc tion, but the early Wuchiapingian cono donts re ported from the basal Zechstein de pos its else where ex clude such an in ter pre ta tion. The in crease re corded in the in ter val from the Kupferschiefer to the Main Do lo mite fits well the in crease of the d 13 C val ues ob served af ter Iso tope Event 0 (some 258 Ma) of the iso to pic curve for the Late Perm ian, al though the in crease in the Zdrada IG 8 is clearly more sig nif i cant than that of the global d 13 C curve. In turn, the sub se quent slight fall that ac cel erated af ter Iso tope Event 1 fits the more sig nif i cant fall in the Platy Do lo mite. Re search In sti tute, Rakowiecka 4, Po land, slawomir.oszczepalski@pgi.gov.pl; Tomasz Durakiewicz, Los Alamos Na tional Lab o ra tory, Los Alamos, NM87545, USA, Maciej J. Kotarba, Fac ulty Tadeusz M. Peryt and S³awomir Oszczepalski, Pol ish Geo log i cal In sti tute -Na tional of Ge ol ogy, Geo physics and En vi ron men tal Pro tec tion, AGH Uni ver sity of Sci ence and Tech nol ogy,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Zechstein (Lopingian) strata in Northern Poland and its global correlation

Peryt¹,

Durakiewicz²,

Kotarba³

et al. 2012

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“…It is the temperature of the pyrolysis oven recorded at the top of peak S2, which thus corresponds to the maximum release of hydrocarbonaceous products during pyrolysis, carried at 25°C/min in previous RockEval devices. However, this temperature is 30 to 40°C lower than that effectively experienced by the sample (Espitalié et al, 1985a). As opposed to previous devices, RE 6 measures the exact temperature experienced by the sample.…”

Section: Bulk Organic Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…HI which represents the degree of OM hydrogenation first depends on the balance between phytoplanktonic (highly hydrogenated) and terrestrial contributions (e.g. Talbot and Livingstone, 1989), and second on the extent of biodegradation of the original material before burial (Espitalié et al, 1985a). HI values are greater than 250 mg HC/g TOC (and sometimes higher than 500 mg HC/g TOC) in sands and silts, but always smaller than this value in organic silts.…”

Section: Abundance and Quality Of Ommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…δ 15 N values that first depend on the source of nitrogen used for biosynthesis (dissolved NO 3 -for phytoplankton and atmospheric N 2 for land plants) can also be affected by diagenesis through bond rupture (Macko et al, 1993). Thus, the very high δ 15 N values (>10‰) found in units U2 and U3, can either be due to residual OM enriched in 14 N by deamination or hydrolysis reactions (Macko et al, 1993) or to the assimilation of nitrates previously enriched in 15 N by denitrification (as it might arrive for plants throwing in swampy environments; Muzuka, 1999). In contrast, δ 15 N values ranging from 3 to 5‰ in units U4 and U5 might indicate an assimilation of nitrates by plants, without any significant N-nitrate fractionation (Meyers and Lallier-Vergès, 1999).…”

Section: Abundance and Quality Of Ommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific parameters provided by the new RE6 device are presented by Lafargue et al (1998). The Rock-Eval parameters we used for this study are the following ones: (i) mineral carbon (Minc) which represents the amount of inorganic carbon (from carbonates) released during pyrolysis and oxidation; (ii) Total Organic Carbon (TOC, %) accounts for the quantity of organic matter present in the sediment; (iii) Hydrogen Index (HI, in mg HC/g TOC) is the amount of hydrocarbonaceous (HC) products released during pyrolysis (integrated from the S2 peak, in mg HC/g dry sediment) normalized to TOC; (iv) Tmax is a well-known OM maturity indicator in ancient sediments (Espitalié et al, 1985b). It is the temperature of the pyrolysis oven recorded at the top of peak S2, which thus corresponds to the maximum release of hydrocarbonaceous products during pyrolysis, carried at 25°C/min in previous RockEval devices.…”

Section: Bulk Organic Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major environmental changes recorded by lacustrine sedimentary organic matter since the last glacial maximum near the equator (Lagoa do Caçó, NE Brazil)

Jacob

Disnar

Boussafir

et al. 2004

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Sediment samples collected along a six-meter core, drilled in the deepest part of the Lagoa do Caçó (NE Brazil), have been investigated in order to determine source(s) and degradation conditions of the organic matter (OM) with special emphasis on paleoenvironmental implications. Bulk organic geochemistry (Rock-Eval pyrolysis, C/N determination, δ 13 C and δ 15 N measurement) and petrography combined with sedimentological evidence and radiocarbon dates allowed to identify four major intervals documenting major environmental changes that occurred during the last 20,000 years. The first interval, dating back to the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), contains well preserved OM derived from higher plants.This material was most probably produced in an ephemeral palustrine system and rapidly buried by sands. This level is thought to have been deposited under relatively arid climate conditions associated with strong but episodic rainfalls. Between 19,240 and 17,250 Cal yrs BP, the climate appears to have been more humid and seasonality more pronounced as suggested by the presence of a permanent lake. After a drastic environmental change dating back to 17,250 Cal yrs BP, the sediment became truly lacustrine with restricted mineral input and highly-degraded higher plant-derived organic matter. After that, a stepwise improvement in the preservation of OM occurred, as revealed by several pronounced shifts in the RockEval TpS2 signal. These changes could document abrupt climatically driven changes during the Lateglacial. Finally, around 5610 Cal yrs BP, environmental conditions, approaching those prevailing today were established. Minor climatic changes during the Holocene were * Corresponding author at current address: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Bât 12, Domaine du CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. E-mail address: jeremy.jacob@lsce.cnrs-gif.fr 2 probably buffered by a high water table which might explain the lack of paleoenvironmental fluctuations.

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Geochemical characterization of soil organic matter and variability of a postglacial detrital organic supply (chaillexon lake, france)

Di-Giovanni¹,

Disnar

Bichet

et al. 1998

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Geochemical analysis of sedimentary organic matter in recent lacustrine sediments appears to be a useful tool in providing information concerning past environmental conditions. However, such analysis is often made without knowing the geochemical characteristics of the organic matter derived from the watershed and, more explicitly, its soils. The present work deals with (i) a geochemical investigation (Rock-Eval pyrolysis) of soil organic matter sampled in a lake watershed, and (ii) the study of the sedimentary organic matter trapped in the lake deposits. The research was conducted on Chaillexon Lake which was created by a rock collapse that dammed the palaeovalley of the Doubs River about 12 000 years ago. Since this event, the sediment trap provides a continuous palaeoclimatic record for the Postglacial period.Results obtained lead to two main conclusions. First, the variability of Rock-Eval pyrolysis values observed in soils modifies the common interpretation given to these parameters in the characterization of sedimentary organic matter. Indeed, variations in these parameters point not only to varying proportions of terrestrial and lacustrine organic matter in a lacustrine infilling but also to variations of the terrestrial supply linked with the evolution of vegetal cover in the catchment. The second conclusion is that the story of the Chaillexon lacustrine system is marked by a rather sudden soil and forest development at the Preboreal-Boreal transition (9000 BP).

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La pyrolyse Rock-Eval et ses applications. Troisième partie.

Cited by 379 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Zechstein (Lopingian) strata in Northern Poland and its global correlation

Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Zechstein (Lopingian) strata in Northern Poland and its global correlation

Major environmental changes recorded by lacustrine sedimentary organic matter since the last glacial maximum near the equator (Lagoa do Caçó, NE Brazil)

Geochemical characterization of soil organic matter and variability of a postglacial detrital organic supply (chaillexon lake, france)

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