Laboratory Animal Science: A Resource to Improve the Quality of Science

Forni, Monica

doi:10.1007/s11259-007-0096-2

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…in recent years, the contribution of laboratory animals to life science research has continued to grow rapidly, placing ever greater importance on the quality of the animals being produced for this research [8]. as a consequence of advances in genetic engineering and reproductive biology techniques, it is possible to design and obtain specified strains of laboratory animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Odor Compounds in Feces of Mice that Were Exposed to Various Stresses during Breeding

et al. 2013

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Abstract:In order to provide healthy experimental animals, it is important to find and remove animals that have been accidentally exposed to various stresses during breeding. This study focuses mouse health-care management. Here we used human olfaction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess odor intensity and determine the concentrations of odor components. The feces were collected from mice that were exposed to 4 different stresses (no bedding chips, shaking, fasting, and movement restriction). These stresses caused a change in odor intensity as assessed by 6 panelists. Seventeen components were identified as dominant components in the odor that was emitted from feces. The concentration of each compound was converted to relative values versus its odor threshold levels in order to select ones effective for the quality of the odor. As a result, 12 selected components were found to be a useful set for the recognition of mice bred under different stress conditions. The present results may provide useful information for the development of standard fecal odor materials that may be used for the training of mouse care personnel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Odor Compounds in Feces of Mice that Were Exposed to Various Stresses during Breeding

et al. 2013

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“…EU Directive 86/609/EEC). Reduction in the numbers of animals used, and refinement to minimise harm (in housing, husbandry and the conduct of experiments) are widely recognised as beneficial to the quality of scientific research and testing, as well as to animal welfare (15). The expectation is that implementation of the Three Rs will result in a decline in ani-mal use, but without regular and accurate statistics, including information on trends in animal use, this cannot be monitored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates for Worldwide Laboratory Animal Use in 2005

Taylor¹,

et al. 2008

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Animal experimentation continues to generate public and political concern worldwide. Relatively few countries collate and publish animal use statistics, yet this is a first and essential step toward public accountability and an informed debate, as well as being important for effective policy-making and regulation. The implementation of the Three Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement of animal experiments) should be expected to result in a decline in animal use, but without regular, accurate statistics, this cannot be monitored. Recent estimates of worldwide annual laboratory animal use are imprecise and unsubstantiated, ranging from 28-100 million. We collated data for 37 countries that publish national statistics, and standardised these against the definitions of 'animals', 'purposes' and 'experiments' used in European Union Directive 86/609/EEC. We developed and applied a statistical model, based on publication rates, for a further 142 countries. This yielded our most conservative estimate of global animal use: 58.3 million animals in 179 countries. However, this figure excludes several uses and forms of animals that are included in the statistics of some countries. With the data available, albeit for only a few countries, we also produced, by extrapolation, a more comprehensive global estimate that includes animals killed for the provision of tissues, animals used to maintain genetically-modified strains, and animals bred for laboratory use but killed as surplus to requirements. For a number of reasons that are explained, this more-comprehensive figure of 115.3 million animals is still likely to be an underestimate.

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“…In this laboratory the move from culturing toxoplasma in animals to cell culture has been very worthwhile. It has allowed us to replace animals with alternative technology,8 10 and it has proved to be more appropriate for our needs. The cell culture method is robust and has maintained continuous production of tachyzoites for more than 8 years, during which time the system has been constantly reviewed and assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%