Laboratory experiment and numerical simulation on authigenic mineral formation induced by seabed methane seeps

Xu, Tianfu; Bei, Keqi; Tian, Hailong; Cao, Yuqing

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.09.025

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…16S rDNA sequencing was used to determine bacteria diversity. More details about experimental procedures and methodology can be found in [19,20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory Experimental Study on the Formation of Authigenic Carbonates Induced by Microbes in Marine Sediments

Wei

Shang

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Authigenic carbonates are widely distributed in marine sediments, microbes, and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) play a key role in their formation. The authigenic carbonates in marine sediments have been affected by weathering and diagenesis for a long time, it is difficult to understand their formation process by analyzing the samples collected in situ. A pore water environment with 10 °C, 6 MPa in the marine sediments was built in a bioreactor to study the stages and characteristics of authigenic carbonates formation induced by microbes. In experiments, FeCO3 is formed preferentially, and then FeCO3-MgCO3 complete isomorphous series and a small part of CaCO3 isomorphous mixture are formed. According to this, it is proposed that the formation of authigenic carbonates performed by AOM and related microbes needs to undergo three stages: the rise of alkalinity, the preferential formation of a carbonate mineral, and the formation of carbonate isomorphous series. This work provides experimental experience and reference basis for further understanding the formation mechanism of authigenic carbonates in marine sediments.

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“…16S rDNA sequencing was used to determine bacteria diversity. More details about experimental procedures and methodology can be found in [19,20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are few researches on the formation mechanism of carbonate minerals in marine sediments. The previous research is limited to the exploration of the forming conditions of authigenic carbonates [19] and the simple description of the mineral morphology [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Experimental Study on the Formation of Authigenic Carbonates Induced by Microbes in Marine Sediments

Wei

Shang

et al. 2021

JMSE

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“…The simulation was performed by TOUGHREACT, which is a numerical simulation tool for non-isothermal flow chemical reactions of multiphase fluids in pores and fractured media [24]. Some studies have used TOUGHREACT to investigate AOM and carbonate precipitation in cold seep areas [18,25,26]. A brief introduction of the numerical simulation process is provided below, and for details, readers should see the TOUGHREACT Handbook [24,27].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of the Formation of Cold Seep Carbonates in Marine Sediments

Tao

Jin

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Cold seep emissions of low temperature fluid from the marine sediment basins are mainly comprised of methane and other hydrocarbons. A series of biogeochemical processes related to methane lead to the formation of authigenic carbonate minerals. In this study, a self-built experimental device was used to study the formation process of carbonate minerals under cold seep conditions. The concentrations of pore water chemicals, HCO3− and Ca2+ at different heights of the reactor under flow conditions can be observed. According to the experimental results, the formation process of carbonate minerals under cold seep conditions was estimated, that 1 m carbonate growth needs 12,000 and 7000 years, respectively, under fast (5 mL·min−1) and slow emission (1 mL·min−1) conditions. Furthermore, TOUGHREACT was used to simulate the diagenesis process. A 1D unsteady react-transport model was developed, and the experimental data was used to constrain the simulation. The results of simulation show that the carbonates need 17,000 and 9700 years to grow 1 m under the condition of fast and slow flow scenarios, respectively. The results of this work will contribute to the study of foundation on the formation of authigenic minerals in cold seep areas, and for the physical properties of sedimentary media as well.

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“…A one-dimensional column model was built according to statistics and some relevant conceptual models [39]. The sulfate-methane interface (SMI) is usually located at a depth of 7-15 m below seafloor (mbsf) where methane leakage flux existed in the Qiongdongnan Basin [40].…”

Section: Conceptual Model and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found that the proportion of chlorite, kaolinite, and illite content in the sediment in the South China Sea was about 1:1:2, so the initial chlorite content was determined. Other mineral settings were based on the measured data [39]. Furthermore, the content of the barite is invoked as the initial content in the vertical direction based on the average value measured to examine the relationship between the distribution characteristic of authigenic barite, the leakage of methane and the forming of barite front.…”

Section: Sedimentary Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation on Authigenic Barite Formation in Marine Sediments

Shang

Tian

et al. 2019

Minerals

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Submarine cold seep and its associated authigenic minerals in sediment are meaningful to indicate the existence of underlying natural gas hydrate. The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is coupled with sulfate reduction (SR) and influences the dissolution and precipitation of barite. However, the forming mechanism of barite is not yet clearly understood. In order to investigate the forming process of authigenic barite and its relationship with methane leakage flux, based on the measured data of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the Northern slope of the South China Sea, we constructed a 1D model of a sedimentary column to reproduce the formation of barite using the numerical simulation method. The results show that the original equilibrium of barite was broken by the cold seep fluids and Ba2+ was carried upward to the sulfate-rich zone leading to the formation of barite front. When there is no flux of methane from the bottom of sediment, the barite front disappears. The relationship between methane leakage flux and authigenic minerals was also discussed. It can be concluded that high methane flux corresponds to a shallow barite front in the sediment, furthermore, the barite content first increases and then decreases as the methane flux increases. At the same time, an inverse relationship between the ratio of authigenic barite to calcite and methane flux was obtained.

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Laboratory experiment and numerical simulation on authigenic mineral formation induced by seabed methane seeps

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Laboratory Experimental Study on the Formation of Authigenic Carbonates Induced by Microbes in Marine Sediments

Laboratory Experimental Study on the Formation of Authigenic Carbonates Induced by Microbes in Marine Sediments

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of the Formation of Cold Seep Carbonates in Marine Sediments

Numerical Simulation on Authigenic Barite Formation in Marine Sediments

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