Lack of Association between High-risk Human Papillomaviruses and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Japanese Patients

Rushatamukayanunt, Pradit; Morita, Keiichi; Matsukawa, Sho; Harada, Hiroyuki; Shiba, Hiroaki; Tomioka, Hirofumi; Omura, Ken

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.10.4135

Cited by 18 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The tongue is the most affected site, both in young and elderly patients . In the present study, the tongue was the most affected site among the young patients evaluated, which is in agreement with data reported in previous studies . However, some studies reported the floor of the mouth to be affected more, along with the buccal mucosa, which appears to be strongly associated with the regional habit of betel chewing in Asian countries …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Epidemiological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma in northeast Brazil

Ribeiro

Júnior

Marinho

et al. 2019

J of Invest & Clin Dent

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Aim The aim of the present study was to delineate the epidemiological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated at a healthcare service in northeastern Brazil. Methods A cross‐sectional study was performed involving the quantitative analysis of 51 medical records from patients diagnosed with SCC between 1998 and 2013. All patients aged ≤50 years were included in the study. Statistical analysis involved Pearson's χ2‐test, Fisher's exact test, and the Mann‐Whitney U‐test, with the level of significance set at 5% (P < .05). Results The mean age was 46 ± 7.94 years, and males accounted for 80.4% of the sample. The tongue was the most affected site (37.3%). Most tumors were classified as stage III (26.3%) or IV (42.1%). Surgery associated with chemotherapy was the most common therapeutic approach (39.3%). Female patients had a lower mean age (P = .013) and less advanced clinical staging (P = .022). Smoking was more associated with male sex (P = .043). Conclusion SCC in young patients is more common in males aged 46 ± 7.94 years, with the tongue being the most affected anatomic site. Important differences were found in clinical‐epidemiological features between young men and women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This type of tumor accounts for approximately 95% of all cancers of the mouth, with the tongue the most commonly affected anatomic site . The main risk factors for the development of SCC are frequent tobacco use, prolonged exposure to UV rays, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma in northeast Brazil

Ribeiro

Júnior

Marinho

et al. 2019

J of Invest & Clin Dent

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“…Interestingly, a high frequency of p53 positivity was observed in TSCC of young patients even in the absence of TP53 mutations . In two recent studies, p53 expression was more frequent in OSCC of older patients than in younger patients . However, an opposite result was reported by Adduri et al and Siegelmann‐Danieli et al that observed a higher expression in young individuals.…”

Section: Genetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The immunoexpression of p53 has been used as a marker for TP53 mutation in OSCC . Interestingly, a high frequency of p53 positivity was observed in TSCC of young patients even in the absence of TP53 mutations .…”

Section: Genetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular basis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: Is it any different from older patients?

Costa

Brennan

Gomez

et al. 2018

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the commonest subtype of oral cancer, mainly affecting older patients. It used to be a rare disease among individuals younger than 40 years, but recently increased incidences in this age group are being reported worldwide. The pathogenesis of OSCC affecting young patients remains controversial, and the well-known etiological factors for oral cancer, tobacco, and alcohol use are believed to play a minor role in the carcinogenesis of the neoplasm, suggesting that the etiology and the molecular basis of OSCC may differ between younger and older patients. Although several molecular markers and chromosomal abnormalities have been demonstrated to differ between both groups, most of the studies have failed to find significant differences. Moreover, divergent results have also been obtained regarding the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in OSCC of young patients. Given these contradictory results and the limited methodological approaches of the majority of the studies, the exact difference between both age groups remains to be fully established. In this review, we evaluate the available data to establish the current evidence that might support the hypothesis that the molecular basis of OSCC in young patients (especially those under 40 years) differ from the older patients.

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Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines

Sun

Chen

et al. 2021

Int J Pept Res Ther

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the epithelial lining of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. There are several potential risk factors that cause the generation of HNSCC, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, inadequate nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV and Epstein–Barr virus, and Candida albicans infections. HNSCC has causative links to both environmental factors and genetic mutations, with the latter playing a more critical role in cancer progression. These molecular changes to epithelial cells include the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes overexpression, resulting in tumour cell proliferation and distant metastasis. HNSCC patients have impaired dendritic cell (DC) and natural killer (NK) cell functions, increased production of higher immune-suppressive molecules, loss of regulatory T cells and co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι molecules, lower number of lymphocyte subsets, and a poor response to antigen-presenting cells. At present, the standard treatment modalities for HNSCC patients include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and combinatorial therapy. Despite advances in the development of novel treatment modalities over the last few decades, survival rates of HNSCC patients have not increased. To establish effective immunotherapies, a greater understanding of interactions between the immune system and HNSCC is required, and there is a particular need to develop novel therapeutic options. A therapeutic cancer vaccine has been proposed as a promising method to improve outcome by inducing a powerful adaptive immune response that leads to cancer cell elimination. Compared with other vaccines, peptide cancer vaccines are more robust and specific. In the past few years, there have been remarkable achievements in peptide-based vaccines for HNSCC patients. Here, we summarize the latest molecular alterations in HNSCC, explore the immune response to HNSCC, and discuss the latest developments in peptide-based cancer vaccine strategies. This review highlights areas for valuable future research focusing on peptide-based cancer vaccines.

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Lack of Association between High-risk Human Papillomaviruses and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Japanese Patients

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Epidemiological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma in northeast Brazil

Epidemiological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma in northeast Brazil

Molecular basis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: Is it any different from older patients?

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines

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