Lactic acid bacteria with promising AFB₁ binding properties as an alternative strategy to mitigate contamination on brewers’ grains

Aflatoxin Detoxification Using Microorganisms and Enzymes

“…The two key sites that affect the toxicity of AFs are the furan and lactone rings and the detoxification process mainly involves changes in the structures of these rings. After many years of research, the metabolites of AFs that have been identified fall into the following three categories: (i) hydroxylated metabolites, e.g., AFM 1 , aflatoxin P 1 (AFP 1 ), and aflatoxin Q 1 (AFQ 1 ); (ii) epoxides, e.g., AFB 1 -8,9-epoxide; and (iii) metabolites of microorganisms or animals, e.g., AFG 2a , AFB 2a , and aflatoxicol (AFL) [ 44 , 45 , 79 ]. The molecular structures of some of these metabolites are shown in Figure 5 [ 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 ].…”

“…At the same time, the life activity metabolites of microorganisms (such as exogenous antioxidant compounds) can induce activity among genes related to the oxidative stress toxicity of AFs, restore the oxidative balance destroyed by mycotoxins, and prevent the production of ROS and RNS [ 44 ]. Therefore, the use of microorganisms to detoxify AFs is a promising new technology with broad application prospects; as such, their use is a research hotspot both for the beneficial effects and AF detoxification [ 41 , 45 ].…”

Adhesion properties of cell surface proteins in Lactobacillus strains in the GIT environment

“…Under natural conditions, the pH of microorganisms is often in a dynamic process. 88 The pH of the external environment has a great influence on adhesion properties, and an acidic environment is more favorable to adhesion. In acidic environments, L. acidophilus BG2FO4 secretes a protein molecule that acts as a bridging protein, mediating the connection between bacteria and cell receptors.…”

Synergistic effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium isolated from chicken's intestine in combination with polyvinylpyrrolidone on reduction of aflatoxin B1

“…However, several components may be involved in the binding of AFB 1 to LAB (Asurmendi et al . 2020).…”