Lactobacilus Delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus Modulates the Secretion of Th1/Th2 and Treg Cell-Related Cytokines by PBMCs from Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Sheikhi, Abdolkarim; Giti, Hojjat; Heibor, M. R.; Jafarzadeh, Abdollah; Shakerian, Mansour; Baharifar, Narges; Niruzad, Fereidon; Moghaddam, Ali Sadeghi; Kokhaei, Parviz; Baghaeifar, Mohammad

doi:10.1055/s-0043-117612

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Probiotic bacteria regulate mucosal immune responses through the induction of different cytokines. This effect is dependent on the probiotic strain itself [67][68][69]. After oral probiotic administration, cytokines produced by T cells in the lamina propria of the small intestine were secreted in slightly higher levels than those observed in the presence of commensal bacteria; specifically IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines [70][71][72][73].…”

Section: Mechanisms Induced By Probiotics To Stimulate the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System

Galdeano¹,

Cazorla²,

Dumit³

et al. 2019

Ann Nutr Metab

549

219

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Background: The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most microbiologically active ecosystems that plays a crucial role in the working of the mucosal immune system (MIS). In this ecosystem, the consumed probiotics stimulate the immune system and induce a network of signals mediated by the whole bacteria or their cell wall structure. This review is aimed at describing the immunological mechanisms of probiotics and their beneficial effects on the host. Summary: Once administered, oral probiotic bacteria interact with the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) or immune cells associated with the lamina propria, through Toll-like receptors, and induce the production of different cytokines or chemokines. Macrophage chemoattractant protein 1, produced by the IECs, sends signals to other immune cells leading to the activation of the MIS, characterized by an increase in immunoglobulin A⁺ cells of the intestine, bronchus and mammary glands, and the activation of T cells. Specifically, probiotics activate regulatory T cells that release IL-10. Interestingly, probiotics reinforce the intestinal barrier by an increase of the mucins, the tight junction proteins and the Goblet and Paneth cells. Another proposed mechanism of probiotics is the modulation of intestinal microbiota by maintaining the balance and suppressing the growth of potential pathogenic bacteria in the gut. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that long-term probiotics consumption does not affect the intestinal homeostasis. The viability of probiotics is crucial in the interaction with IECs and macrophages favoring, mainly, the innate immune response. Macrophages and Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in this immune response without inducing an inflammatory pattern, just a slight increase in the cellularity of the lamina propria. Besides, as part of the machinery that probiotics activate to protect against different pathogens, an increase in the microbicidal activity of peritoneal and spleen macrophages has been reported. In malnutrition models, such as undernourishment and obesity, probiotic was able to increase the intestinal and systemic immune response. Furthermore, probiotics contribute to recover the histology of both the intestine and the thymus damaged in these conditions. Probiotic bacteria are emerging as a safe and natural strategy for allergy prevention and treatment. Different mechanisms such as the generation of cytokines from activated pro-T-helper type 1, which favor the production of IgG instead of IgE, have been proposed. Key Messages: Probiotic bacteria, their cell walls or probiotic fermented milk have significant effects on the functionality of the mucosal and systemic immune systems through the activation of multiple immune mechanisms.

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Section: Mechanisms Induced By Probiotics To Stimulate the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System

Galdeano¹,

Cazorla²,

Dumit³

et al. 2019

Ann Nutr Metab

549

219

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The pathology of AD is accompanied by an imbalance in immunity involving Th1, Th2, and Treg cells, culminating in alterations in Th1-and Th2-mediated immune responses and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity [31]. The expression levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are elevated in AD lesions.…”

Section: Immune Dysfunction In Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Barrier Abnormalities and Immune Dysfunction in Atopic Dermatitis

Yang

Seok

Kang

et al. 2020

IJMS

249

161

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and relapsing skin disease that is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and chronic pruritus. While AD was previously thought to occur primarily in children, increasing evidence suggests that AD is more common in adults than previously assumed. Accumulating evidence from experimental, genetic, and clinical studies indicates that AD expression is a precondition for the later development of other atopic diseases, such as asthma, food allergies, and allergic rhinitis. Although the exact mechanisms of the disease pathogenesis remain unclear, it is evident that both cutaneous barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation are critical etiologies of AD pathology. This review explores recent findings on AD and the possible underlying mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis, which is characterized by dysregulation of immunological and skin barrier integrity and function, supporting the idea that AD is a systemic disease. These findings provide further insights for therapeutic developments aiming to repair the skin barrier and decrease inflammation.

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“…They found that L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus could modulate the secretion of Th1- and Th2-Treg-related cytokines in AD patients [113]. In addition to Th1- and Th2-Treg-related cytokines, Rø et al found that perinatal maternal probiotic supplementation with a combination of LGG, B. animalis subsp.…”

Section: Efficacy and Safety Of Probiotics And Fmt In Clinical Trimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutting Edge: Probiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Immunomodulation

Zhang

Shen

Tao

et al. 2019

Journal of Immunology Research

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Probiotics are commensal or nonpathogenic microbes that confer beneficial effects on the host through several mechanisms such as competitive exclusion, antibacterial effects, and modulation of immune responses. Some probiotics have been found to regulate immune responses via immune regulatory mechanisms. T regulatory (Treg) cells, T helper cell balances, dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells can be considered as the most determinant dysregulated mediators in immunomodulatory status. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been defined as the transfer of distal gut microbial communities from a healthy individual to a patient’s intestinal tract to cure some immune disorders (mainly inflammatory bowel diseases). The aim of this review was followed through the recent literature survey on immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of probiotics and FMT and also efficacy and safety of probiotics and FMT in clinical trials and applications.

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Lactobacilus Delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus Modulates the Secretion of Th1/Th2 and Treg Cell-Related Cytokines by PBMCs from Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System

Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System

Skin Barrier Abnormalities and Immune Dysfunction in Atopic Dermatitis

Cutting Edge: Probiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Immunomodulation

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