Laid-back invaders: Cane toads (Rhinella marina) down-regulate their stress responses as they colonize a harsh climate

Kosmala, Georgia K.; Brown, Gregory P.; Shine, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01248

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, individuals from the invasive front were less likely to flee compared to toads from long-colonized areas and individuals even differed in morphology and locomotory traits between the invasive front and long-colonized areas (Hudson et al 2017;Hudson et al 2020). Further, native cane toad had higher stress responses than invasive cane toad at a similar climate (Kosmala et al 2020a), and invasive cane toad had adapted to invasive areas abiotic challenges such as temperature (Kosmala et al 2018), as well as moisture (Kosmala et al 2020b). Round goby has also been reported to differ in several traits between the invasion front and long-colonized areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Bäckström¹,

Winkelmann²

2022

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Salinity is an influential abiotic environmental factor in aquatic species, specifically in freshwater, where salinization causes ecosystem degradation. Secondary salinization, that is increases in salinity due to anthropogenic activities, can affect both osmoregulation and behaviour in freshwater fishes. It is generally believed that invasive species handle climatic change and environmental degradation better than native species, which is one reason for their invasion success. However, how invasive and native species cope with salinity changes remains little understood. Therefore, we investigated how low (500 µS/cm) and high salinity (2000 µS/cm) conditions affected oxygen consumption and behaviour in the invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and the native European perch (Perca fluviatilis). Our results showed that in round goby oxygen consumption increased and swimming and non-swimming movements changed in response to salinity increments, whereas European perch was not affected by salinity. Thus, it seems as if the invasive round goby is more sensitive to changes in salinity than the native European perch. Our results fit with the minority of studies indicating invasive species being less tolerant than some native species to environmental changes. This finding could be explained by the adaptation of round goby to low salinity due to its long establishment in River Rhine. Further, our results are also confirming that the effect of salinity is species-specific. In addition, European perch and round goby show diametrically different behavioural response to disturbance which could be an effect of holding different ecological niches as well as their anatomical differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Bäckström¹,

Winkelmann²

2022

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“…As for dermal secretions, researchers found that increases in corticosterone concentrations can be detected in species such as the green treefrog ( Hyla cinerea ) and red-spotted newt ( Notophthalamus viridescens ) immediately after a stressor, such as a manual restraint for 5 minutes or a ACTH injection [ 49 ]. It is documented that changes in corticosterone concentrations can continue oscillating for up to 2 hours after a stressor in the dermal secretions of multiple amphibian species [ 18 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, many animal and plant species must die to quantify a decrease in biodiversity. Researchers are now trying to develop methods to assess the health of an ecosystem by measuring the stress of amphibians via their concentration of circulating corticosterone to test the hypothesis that environments that have symptoms of distress syndrome will be inhabited by chronically stressed animals [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Corticosterone Concentrations in Dermal Secretions and Urine in Free‐Ranging Marine Toads (Rhinella marina) in Human Care

Clarke,

Heugten,

Tollefson

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine International

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Corticosterone concentrations have been measured in amphibians by collecting blood or urine samples. However, blood sampling is invasive, and urine can be difficult to collect. A novel method of swabbing the skin of an amphibian has been utilized in numerous species but has not been verified in marine toads (Rhinella marina). This pilot study tested dermal swabs as a noninvasive method for collecting and measuring dermal corticosterone secretions. Swabs were used to collect dermal secretion samples from sixty-six free-ranging marine toads collected on Zoo Miami grounds. The subsequent day the toads were shipped to the North Carolina Zoo where dermal samples were collected again. Additional dermal and urine samples were collected on days 9, 15, 32, and 62 under human care to measure corticosterone concentrations. There was no significant correlation ( P ≥ 0.05) noted between corticosterone concentrations reported in dermal swabs and those in urine samples at all four of the euthanasia time points or between the corticosterone concentrations reported in either urine or dermal swabs and the weight of the toads. Dermal swab concentrations (ng/mL) were significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.05) on the day of capture (0.64 ± 0.03) and the day of arrival (0.67 ± 0.03) than on day 15 (0.47 ± 0.03). The urine corticosterone concentrations decreased while the toads were in human care with a significant decrease ( P ≤ 0.05) between days 9 (0.45 ± 0.07) and 32 (0.21 ± 0.06). This study demonstrated that dermal swabs can be used to collect marine toad corticosterone concentration samples.

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“…Studies have shown that the incidence of parasites in colonizers introduced in new areas is lower than that of local residents. (17)(18)(19) These findings can be attributed to host density, as well as the parasite biological cycle. (17) However, as mentioned above, the physiological strategies employed by the host must be considered as these can influence the immune, metabolic, and behavioral outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lungworm parasite intensity and its association with the endocrine and immune systems and energy reserves in male cane toads

Méndez

Sernia

Reynoso³

et al. 2022

Vet Mex OA

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Host-parasite interactions can be harmful or harmless depending on the fitness and stress levels of the organisms. Interactions between the endocrine system, the immune system and energy expenditure are critical in the maintenance of homeostasis during stressful periods in vertebrates. We examined whether lungworm loads (Rhabdias spp.) of male cane toad (Rhinella marina) sampled during the wet season from three different populations, are associated with hormone levels, immune competence, and metabolic status. We found evidence of direct and strong associations between parasite burdens and variables related to hormonal levels, metabolic status and immune competence. We also found that interrelationships among independent variables can change the strength of the association with lungworm loads. These findings suggest that high levels of corticosterone affect immune competence against parasites, both directly and by inducing changes in the metabolic status of the animals. Additionally, high testosterone levels during the reproductive season, influenced variables related to metabolic status, which will also lead to higher parasite loads. Overall, we conclude that the endocrine system and metabolic status in male cane toads are critical to the immune competence against parasites during the reproductive season.

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Laid-back invaders: Cane toads (Rhinella marina) down-regulate their stress responses as they colonize a harsh climate

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Comparison of Corticosterone Concentrations in Dermal Secretions and Urine in Free‐Ranging Marine Toads (Rhinella marina) in Human Care

Lungworm parasite intensity and its association with the endocrine and immune systems and energy reserves in male cane toads

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Laid-back invaders: Cane toads (Rhinella marina) down-regulate their stress responses as they colonize a harsh climate

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

﻿Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

﻿Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Comparison of Corticosterone Concentrations in Dermal Secretions and Urine in Free‐Ranging Marine Toads (Rhinella marina) in Human Care

Lungworm parasite intensity and its association with the endocrine and immune systems and energy reserves in male cane toads

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Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch

Invasive round goby shows higher sensitivity to salinization than native European perch