Land expropriation without compensation : the challenges of Black South African women in land ownership

Public policy and developmental imperatives: theorising governance in the case of social grants in Endumeni Local Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal

“…This is because the government puts less support on enterprise advancement which is fundamental to grow the economy once the enabling environment has been created, and the government decelerates to push the productive sectors to become robust. The agricultural and industrial sectors are vital in boosting the South Africa's economy, but these sectors are dominated by the few and partially contribute to improving the lives of the poor in many parts of South Africa (Mubecua & Nojiyeza, 2020). A young man that once obtained the Child Support Grant (CSG) had this to say:…”

“…Giving "black people" their land, which was wrongfully taken and not given ownership over the minerals and resources above the land, on the land, under the land and in the sea, cannot eradicate poverty and address inequality in South Africa. In South Africa, it is not an easy task for "black people" to regain ownership of land, minerals, and resources unless the Constitution is amended (Mubecua & Nojiyeza, 2020). What is the point for "black people" to own hectares of land for commercial farming but not have market access to sell their produce because of certain gatekeepers who shut the market in retailers because of racial and political squabbles?…”

“…The private property right, which is the right of people to own property as they wish, needs to be amended as most of the land is still in the hands of those who unjustly confiscated it from African people on the basis that they were non-European (Mubecua & Nojiyeza, 2020).…”

“…Women must be involved in growing the economy because approximately 51 percent of the South African population is women, yet their representation in higher positions is less than 24 percent, and they are sometimes paid less than men for work of the same value Mubecua & Nojiyeza, 2020). It is possible to reduce the number of South Africans who depend on social grants by including women in the economy because most women are responsible for the livelihoods of their households' members.…”

“…Most of them ("whites") are still dominating in these sectors, although the government seems to be controlled by African people (Mbete, 2015;Ntlama, 2016). Therefore, the democratic government must recruit African people, especially youth and women, into the agricultural and industrial sectorS, although there are gatekeepers in these important sectors that drive the economy (Mubecua & Nojiyeza, 2020). The government's food acquisition must be from small-scale farmers, and there must be legislation stipulating that, so that this sector becomes an effective fiscal activity for many poor people, priority must be given to African women and youth.…”