Land Index and Production of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) in Smallholding Plantation of Tana Toraja District, Indonesia

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of Arabica coffee plantations and analyze the relationship between land suitability index and Arabica coffee production. This study used quantitative methods conducted by direct surveys in Arabica coffee plantations in Tana Toraja District, South Sulawesi. The analysis of land suitability was performed using a parametric approach with the Storie Index equation. Then it followed by an analysis of the correlation between land suitability index and Arabica coffee productions using a coefficient of determination and economic analysis. The results showed that the plant growth time of Arabica coffee plantations in the humid tropics relatively dry lasts from June to September 2019. Plantation land has a flat to hilly topography, fine texture, good drainage, shallow to deep solum, slightly acidic pH, moderate cation exchange capacity and wet saturation, and moderate organic matter content. Land suitability for Arabica coffee plants in the study location was quite appropriate (S2) and marginally appropriate (S3), respectively in Pasang and Parindingan Villages with limiting factors of topographic, pH, and temperature. Land suitability index in the study location ranged from 32.21 to 50.12; Arabica coffee production ranged from 6 to 8 tons per hectare. The coefficient of determination (R) between the land suitability index and Arabica coffee production was one. It indicates the strength of the correlation between land suitability index and Arabica coffee production. It has proven the land suitability index can be used as a potential predictor of Arabica coffee in the Tana Toraja Regency. Arabica coffee farmers' net income was around IDR 129,900,000-117,797,000 with an R / C ratio ranging from 4.41-6.02.

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