Land Suitability Evaluation for Sustainable Food Security in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Uganda

Abstract

Realizing sustainable livelihood and food security in refugee situations is often an overwhelming challenge. The focus of this study was on ensuring food self-reliance in Kiryandongo refugee settlement in Uganda. The study employed a multimethod approach, that is both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. A cross sectional survey design was used and primary data was collected using questionnaires and in-depth interview. Experimental method was used in analyzing soil samples for soil organic matter content, soil moisture and soil depth. Suitability classes were derived for each of the assessed variables separately and a generalized suitability was later obtained. Suitability classes were ranked as S1 (highly suitable), S2 (moderately suitable) and S3 (marginally suitable). Each sampling unit was chosen on the basis of soil colour, slope and soil type and crop history. Each sampling unit was captured by the use of GPS and results interpolated to depict the situation and mapping of the entire refugee settlement. The results indicate that areas of high suitability S1 devoted for maize yielded a production level and would ensure food security. Using mean comparative test for average yields, the study established that there was a strong relationship between maize production and land suitability. Areas of marginal suitability experienced the threat of food insecurity. The study recognized the relevance of land suitability evaluation for planning purposes and in ensuring that land resources are put to maximum use. The study recommended site selection for refugee settlements to undertake land suitability evaluation prior to any allocation for settlement.